View source for 2wwp


==Crystal structure of the human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase==
<StructureSection load='2wwp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2wwp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2wwp]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2WWP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2WWP FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SCN:THIOCYANATE+ION'>SCN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2wwp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2wwp OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2wwp PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2wwp RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2wwp PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2wwp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTGDS_HUMAN PTGDS_HUMAN] Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system.<ref>PMID:9475419</ref> <ref>PMID:20667974</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ww/2wwp_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2wwp ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) regulates synthesis of an important inflammatory and signaling mediator, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Here, we used structural, biophysical, and biochemical approaches to address the mechanistic aspects of substrate entry, catalysis, and product exit of this enzyme. Structure of human L-PGDS was solved in a complex with a substrate analog (SA) and in ligand-free form. Its catalytic Cys 65 thiol group was found in two different conformations, each making a distinct hydrogen bond network to neighboring residues. These help in elucidating the mechanism of the cysteine nucleophile activation. Electron density for ligand observed in the active site defined the substrate binding regions, but did not allow unambiguous fitting of the SA. To further understand ligand binding, we used NMR spectroscopy to map the binding sites and to show the dynamics of protein-substrate and protein-product interactions. A model for ligand binding at the catalytic site is proposed, showing a second binding site involved in ligand exit and entry. NMR chemical shift perturbations and NMR resonance line-width alterations (observed as changes of intensity in two-dimensional cross-peaks in [(1)H,(15)N]-transfer relaxation optimization spectroscopy) for residues at the Omega loop (A-B loop), E-F loop, and G-H loop besides the catalytic sites indicate involvement of these residues in ligand entry/egress.

Structural and dynamic insights into substrate binding and catalysis of human lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase.,Lim SM, Chen D, Teo H, Roos A, Jansson AE, Nyman T, Tresaugues L, Pervushin K, Nordlund P J Lipid Res. 2013 Jun;54(6):1630-43. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M035410. Epub 2013 Mar 22. PMID:23526831<ref>PMID:23526831</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2wwp" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Prostaglandin D synthase|Prostaglandin D synthase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Arrowsmith CH]]
[[Category: Berglund H]]
[[Category: Bountra C]]
[[Category: Collins R]]
[[Category: Edwards AM]]
[[Category: Flodin S]]
[[Category: Flores A]]
[[Category: Graslund S]]
[[Category: Hammarstrom M]]
[[Category: Johansson A]]
[[Category: Johansson I]]
[[Category: Kallas A]]
[[Category: Karlberg T]]
[[Category: Kotyenova T]]
[[Category: Kotzch A]]
[[Category: Kraulis P]]
[[Category: Markova N]]
[[Category: Moche M]]
[[Category: Nielsen TK]]
[[Category: Nordlund P]]
[[Category: Nyman T]]
[[Category: Persson C]]
[[Category: Roos AK]]
[[Category: Schuler H]]
[[Category: Schutz P]]
[[Category: Siponen MI]]
[[Category: Svensson L]]
[[Category: Thorsell AG]]
[[Category: Tresaugues L]]
[[Category: Van Den Berg S]]
[[Category: Wahlberg E]]
[[Category: Weigelt J]]
[[Category: Welin M]]
[[Category: Wisniewska M]]