View source for 2uzi


==Crystal structure of HRAS(G12V) - anti-RAS Fv complex==
<StructureSection load='2uzi' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2uzi]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2uzi]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2UZI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2UZI FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GTP:GUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2uzi FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2uzi OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2uzi PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2uzi RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2uzi PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2uzi ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN] Defects in HRAS are the cause of faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome (FCSS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]. A rare condition characterized by prenatally increased growth, postnatal growth deficiency, mental retardation, distinctive facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities (typically pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or atrial tachycardia), tumor predisposition, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities.<ref>PMID:16170316</ref> <ref>PMID:16329078</ref> <ref>PMID:16443854</ref> <ref>PMID:17054105</ref> <ref>PMID:18247425</ref> <ref>PMID:18039947</ref> <ref>PMID:19995790</ref>   Defects in HRAS are the cause of congenital myopathy with excess of muscle spindles (CMEMS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]. CMEMS is a variant of Costello syndrome.<ref>PMID:17412879</ref>   Defects in HRAS may be a cause of susceptibility to Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/607464 607464]. Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of all thyroid cancers. Although they are classified as variants of follicular neoplasms, they are more often multifocal and somewhat more aggressive and are less likely to take up iodine than are other follicular neoplasms.  Note=Mutations which change positions 12, 13 or 61 activate the potential of HRAS to transform cultured cells and are implicated in a variety of human tumors.  Defects in HRAS are a cause of susceptibility to bladder cancer (BLC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/109800 109800]. A malignancy originating in tissues of the urinary bladder. It often presents with multiple tumors appearing at different times and at different sites in the bladder. Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. They begin in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder. Other types of bladder cancer include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Bladder cancer is a complex disorder with both genetic and environmental influences.  Note=Defects in HRAS are the cause of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).<ref>PMID:1459726</ref>   Defects in HRAS are the cause of Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFM) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/163200 163200]. A disease characterized by sebaceous nevi, often on the face, associated with variable ipsilateral abnormalities of the central nervous system, ocular anomalies, and skeletal defects. Many oral manifestations have been reported, not only including hypoplastic and malformed teeth, and mucosal papillomatosis, but also ankyloglossia, hemihyperplastic tongue, intraoral nevus, giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, bone cysts, follicular cysts, oligodontia, and odontodysplasia. Sebaceous nevi follow the lines of Blaschko and these can continue as linear intraoral lesions, as in mucosal papillomatosis.<ref>PMID:22683711</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN] Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity.<ref>PMID:14500341</ref> <ref>PMID:9020151</ref> <ref>PMID:12740440</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/uz/2uzi_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2uzi ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Many disease-related processes occur via protein complexes that are considered undruggable with small molecules. An example is RAS, which is frequently mutated in cancer and contributes to initiation and maintenance of the disease by constitutive signal transduction through protein interaction with effector proteins, like PI3K, RAF and RALGDS. Such protein interactions are therefore significant targets for therapy. We describe a single immunoglobulin variable region domain that specifically binds to activated GTP-bound RAS and prevents RAS-dependent tumorigenesis in a mouse model. The crystal structure of the immunoglobulin-RAS complex shows that the variable region competitively binds to the conformationally variant regions of RAS, where its signalling effector molecules interact. This allows the plasma membrane targeted single domain intrabody to inhibit signalling by mutant RAS. This mode of action is a novel advance to directly interfere with oncogenic RAS function in human cancer and shows a universally applicable approach to develop macromolecules to combat cancer. In addition, this method illustrates a general means for interfering with protein interactions that are commonly considered intractable as conventional drug targets.

Tumour prevention by a single antibody domain targeting the interaction of signal transduction proteins with RAS.,Tanaka T, Williams RL, Rabbitts TH EMBO J. 2007 Jul 11;26(13):3250-9. Epub 2007 Jun 14. PMID:17568777<ref>PMID:17568777</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2uzi" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[GTPase Hras 3D structures|GTPase Hras 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Rabbitts TH]]
[[Category: Tanaka T]]
[[Category: Williams RL]]