View source for 2oh0


==Crystal structure of Protein Kinase A in complex with Pyridine-Pyrazolopyridine Based Inhibitors==
<StructureSection load='2oh0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2oh0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2oh0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2OH0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2OH0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=2PY:(2S)-1-{[5-(1H-INDAZOL-5-YL)PYRIDIN-3-YL]OXY}-3-[(7AS)-7AH-INDOL-3-YL]PROPAN-2-AMINE'>2PY</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2oh0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2oh0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2oh0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2oh0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2oh0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2oh0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KAPCA_BOVIN KAPCA_BOVIN] Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA, TRPC1 and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose-mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the regulation of platelets in response to thrombin and collagen; maintains circulating platelets in a resting state by phosphorylating proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways when in complex with NF-kappa-B (NFKB1 and NFKB2) and I-kappa-B-alpha (NFKBIA), but thrombin and collagen disrupt these complexes and free active PRKACA stimulates platelets and leads to platelet aggregation by phosphorylating VASP. Prevents the antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine in breast cancer cells when activated. RYR2 channel activity is potentiated by phosphorylation in presence of luminal Ca(2+), leading to reduced amplitude and increased frequency of store overload-induced Ca(2+) release (SOICR) characterized by an increased rate of Ca(2+) release and propagation velocity of spontaneous Ca(2+) waves, despite reduced wave amplitude and resting cytosolic Ca(2+). TRPC1 activation by phosphorylation promotes Ca(2+) influx, essential for the increase in permeability induced by thrombin in confluent endothelial monolayers. PSMC5/RPT6 activation by phosphorylation stimulates proteasome. Regulates negatively tight junction (TJs) in ovarian cancer cells via CLDN3 phosphorylation. NFKB1 phosphorylation promotes NF-kappa-B p50-p50 DNA binding. Involved in embryonic development by down-regulating the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that determines embryo pattern formation and morphogenesis. Isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates ABL1 in sperm flagellum to promote spermatozoa capacitation. Prevents meiosis resumption in prophase-arrested oocytes via CDC25B inactivation by phosphorylation. May also regulate rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) (By similarity).
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/oh/2oh0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2oh0 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Thr-211 is one of three different amino acid residues in the kinase domain of protein kinase B/Akt as compared to protein kinase A (PKA), a closely related analog in the same AGC family. In an attempt to improve the potency and selectivity of our indazole-pyridine series of Akt inhibitors over PKA, efforts have focused on the incorporation of a chemical functionality to interact with the hydroxy group of Thr-211. Several substituents including an oxygen anion, amino, and nitro groups have been introduced at the C-6 position of the indazole scaffold, leading to a significant drop in Akt potency. Incorporation of a nitrogen atom into the phenyl ring at the same position (i.e., 9f) maintained the Akt activity and, in some cases, improved the selectivity over PKA. The structure-activity relationships of the new pyridine-pyrazolopyridine series of Akt inhibitors and their structural features when bound to PKA are also discussed.

Design and synthesis of pyridine-pyrazolopyridine-based inhibitors of protein kinase B/Akt.,Zhu GD, Gong J, Gandhi VB, Woods K, Luo Y, Liu X, Guan R, Klinghofer V, Johnson EF, Stoll VS, Mamo M, Li Q, Rosenberg SH, Giranda VL Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Mar 15;15(6):2441-52. Epub 2007 Jan 17. PMID:17258463<ref>PMID:17258463</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2oh0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[CAMP-dependent protein kinase 3D structures|CAMP-dependent protein kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Stoll VS]]