View source for 2hil


==Structure of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae Type IV pilus filament from x-ray crystallography and electron cryomicroscopy==
<SX load='2hil' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[2hil]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 12.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2hil]] is a 18 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae Neisseria gonorrhoeae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2HIL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2HIL FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=OPE:PHOSPHORIC+ACID+MONO-(2-AMINO-ETHYL)+ESTER'>OPE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DT6:2,4-BIS(ACETYLAMINO)-2,4-DIDEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE'>DT6</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLA:ALPHA+D-GALACTOSE'>GLA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MEA:N-METHYLPHENYLALANINE'>MEA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2hi2|2hi2]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2hil FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2hil OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2hil PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2hil RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2hil PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2hil ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FMM1_NEIGO FMM1_NEIGO]] This protein is the predominant Neisseria surface antigen, which allows adhesion of the bacterium to various host cells. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hi/2hil_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2hil ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Type IV pili (T4P) are long, thin, flexible filaments on bacteria that undergo assembly-disassembly from inner membrane pilin subunits and exhibit astonishing multifunctionality. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcal or GC) T4P are prototypic virulence factors and immune targets for increasingly antibiotic-resistant human pathogens, yet detailed structures are unavailable for any T4P. Here, we determined a detailed experimental GC-T4P structure by quantitative fitting of a 2.3 A full-length pilin crystal structure into a 12.5 A resolution native GC-T4P reconstruction solved by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and iterative helical real space reconstruction. Spiraling three-helix bundles form the filament core, anchor the globular heads, and provide strength and flexibility. Protruding hypervariable loops and posttranslational modifications in the globular head shield conserved functional residues in pronounced grooves, creating a surprisingly corrugated pilus surface. These results clarify T4P multifunctionality and assembly-disassembly while suggesting unified assembly mechanisms for T4P, archaeal flagella, and type II secretion system filaments.

Type IV pilus structure by cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography: implications for pilus assembly and functions.,Craig L, Volkmann N, Arvai AS, Pique ME, Yeager M, Egelman EH, Tainer JA Mol Cell. 2006 Sep 1;23(5):651-62. PMID:16949362<ref>PMID:16949362</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2hil" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Pilin 3D structures|Pilin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</SX>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]
[[Category: Craig, L]]
[[Category: Egelman, E H]]
[[Category: Tainer, J A]]
[[Category: Volkmann, N]]
[[Category: Antigenic variation]]
[[Category: Cell adhesion]]
[[Category: Dna binding protein]]
[[Category: Natural transformation]]
[[Category: Type iv pili]]
[[Category: Virulence factor]]