View source for 1k5r


==YAP65 WW domain S24-Amino-Ethylsulfanyl-Acetic Acid mutant==
<StructureSection load='1k5r' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1k5r]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1k5r]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1K5R OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1K5R FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR, 10 models</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ESD:(2-AMINO-ETHYLSULFANYL)-ACETIC+ACID'>ESD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NH2:AMINO+GROUP'>NH2</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1k5r FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1k5r OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1k5r PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1k5r RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1k5r PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1k5r ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/YAP1_HUMAN YAP1_HUMAN] Transcriptional regulator which can act both as a coactivator and a corepressor and is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Plays a key role to control cell proliferation in response to cell contact. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. The presence of TEAD transcription factors are required for it to stimulate gene expression, cell growth, anchorage-independent growth, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 can activate the C-terminal fragment (CTF) of ERBB4 (isoform 3).<ref>PMID:12807903</ref> <ref>PMID:17974916</ref> <ref>PMID:18579750</ref> <ref>PMID:18158288</ref> <ref>PMID:18280240</ref> <ref>PMID:21364637</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/k5/1k5r_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1k5r ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Chemical synthesis allows the incorporation of nonnatural amino acids into proteins that may provide previously untried probes of their folding pathway and thermodynamic stability. We have used a flexible thioether linker as a loop mimetic in the human yes kinase-associated protein (YAP 65) WW domain, a three-stranded, 44-residue, beta-sheet protein. This linkage avoids problems of incorporating sequences that constrain loops to the extent that they significantly change the nature of the denatured state with concomitant effects on the folding kinetics. An NMR solution structure shows that the thioether linker had little effect on the global fold of the domain, although the loop is apparently more dynamic. The thioether variants are destabilized by up to 1.4 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.18 J). Preliminary Phi-value analysis showed that the first loop is highly structured in the folding transition state, and the second loop is essentially unstructured. These data are consistent with results from simulated unfolding and detailed protein-engineering studies of structurally homologous WW domains. Previously, Phi-value analysis was limited to studying side-chain interactions. The linkers used here extend the protein engineering method directly to secondary-structure interactions.

Using flexible loop mimetics to extend phi-value analysis to secondary structure interactions.,Ferguson N, Pires JR, Toepert F, Johnson CM, Pan YP, Volkmer-Engert R, Schneider-Mergener J, Daggett V, Oschkinat H, Fersht A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):13008-13. Epub 2001 Oct 30. PMID:11687614<ref>PMID:11687614</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1k5r" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Daggett V]]
[[Category: Ferguson N]]
[[Category: Fersht AR]]
[[Category: Johnson CM]]
[[Category: Oschkinat H]]
[[Category: Pan YP]]
[[Category: Pires JR]]
[[Category: Schneider-Mergener J]]
[[Category: Toepert F]]
[[Category: Volkmer-Engert R]]