View source for 1fc0


==HUMAN LIVER GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE COMPLEXED WITH N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLAMINE==
<StructureSection load='1fc0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1fc0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.40&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1fc0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1FC0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1FC0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.4&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NBG:1-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NBG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PLP:PYRIDOXAL-5-PHOSPHATE'>PLP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1fc0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1fc0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1fc0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1fc0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1fc0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1fc0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYGL_HUMAN PYGL_HUMAN] Defects in PYGL are the cause of glycogen storage disease type 6 (GSD6) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/232700 232700]. A metabolic disorder characterized by mild to moderate hypoglycemia, mild ketosis, growth retardation, and prominent hepatomegaly. Heart and skeletal muscle are not affected.<ref>PMID:9529348</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYGL_HUMAN PYGL_HUMAN] Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/fc/1fc0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1fc0 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Glycogen phosphorylases catalyze the breakdown of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate, which enters glycolysis to fulfill the energetic requirements of the organism. Maintaining control of blood glucose levels is critical in minimizing the debilitating effects of diabetes, making liver glycogen phosphorylase a potential therapeutic target. To support inhibitor design, we determined the crystal structures of the active and inactive forms of human liver glycogen phosphorylase a. During activation, forty residues of the catalytic site undergo order/disorder transitions, changes in secondary structure, or packing to reorganize the catalytic site for substrate binding and catalysis. Knowing the inactive and active conformations of the liver enzyme and how each differs from its counterpart in muscle phosphorylase provides the basis for designing inhibitors that bind preferentially to the inactive conformation of the liver isozyme.

Activation of human liver glycogen phosphorylase by alteration of the secondary structure and packing of the catalytic core.,Rath VL, Ammirati M, LeMotte PK, Fennell KF, Mansour MN, Danley DE, Hynes TR, Schulte GK, Wasilko DJ, Pandit J Mol Cell. 2000 Jul;6(1):139-48. PMID:10949035<ref>PMID:10949035</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1fc0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures|Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ammirati M]]
[[Category: Danley DE]]
[[Category: Fennell KF]]
[[Category: Hynes TR]]
[[Category: LeMotte PK]]
[[Category: Mansour MM]]
[[Category: Pandit J]]
[[Category: Rath VL]]
[[Category: Schulte GK]]
[[Category: Wasilko DJ]]