View source for 2iwr


==Gtpase Like Domain Of Centaurin Gamma 1 (Human)==
<StructureSection load='2iwr' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2iwr]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2iwr]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2IWR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2IWR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CAF:S-DIMETHYLARSINOYL-CYSTEINE'>CAF</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2iwr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2iwr OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2iwr PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2iwr RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2iwr PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2iwr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AGAP2_HUMAN AGAP2_HUMAN] GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also regulates the adapter protein 1 (AP-1)-dependent trafficking of proteins in the endosomal system. It seems to be oncogenic. It is overexpressed in cancer cells, prevents apoptosis and promotes cancer cell invasion.<ref>PMID:12640130</ref> <ref>PMID:14761976</ref> <ref>PMID:15118108</ref> <ref>PMID:16079295</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/iw/2iwr_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2iwr ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Centaurins are a family of proteins that contain GTPase-activating protein domains, with the gamma family members containing in addition a GTPase-like domain. Centaurins reside mainly in the nucleus and are known to activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase, a key regulator of cell proliferation, motility and vesicular trafficking. In the present study, using X-ray structural analysis, enzymatic assays and nucleotide-binding studies, we show that, for CENTG1 (centaurin gamma-1) the GTPase-like domain has broader trinucleotide specificity. Alterations within the G4 motif of CENTG1 from the highly conserved NKXD found in typical GTPases to TQDR result in the loss of specificity, a lower affinity for the nucleotides and higher turnover rates. These results indicate that the centaurins could be more accurately classified as NTPases and point to alternative mechanisms of cell signalling control.

The centaurin gamma-1 GTPase-like domain functions as an NTPase.,Soundararajan M, Yang X, Elkins JM, Sobott F, Doyle DA Biochem J. 2007 Feb 1;401(3):679-88. PMID:17037982<ref>PMID:17037982</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2iwr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Arrowsmith C]]
[[Category: Doyle DA]]
[[Category: Edwards A]]
[[Category: Elkins JM]]
[[Category: Papagrigoriou E]]
[[Category: Soundararajan M]]
[[Category: Sundstrom M]]
[[Category: Weigelt J]]
[[Category: Yang X]]