View source for 4jps


==Co-crystal Structures of the Lipid Kinase PI3K alpha with Pan and Isoform Selective Inhibitors==
<StructureSection load='4jps' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4jps]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4jps]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4JPS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4JPS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=1LT:(2S)-N~1~-{4-METHYL-5-[2-(1,1,1-TRIFLUORO-2-METHYLPROPAN-2-YL)PYRIDIN-4-YL]-1,3-THIAZOL-2-YL}PYRROLIDINE-1,2-DICARBOXAMIDE'>1LT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SCN:THIOCYANATE+ION'>SCN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4jps FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4jps OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4jps PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4jps RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4jps PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4jps ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PK3CA_HUMAN PK3CA_HUMAN] Note=Most of the cancer-derived mutations are missense mutations and map to one of the three hotspots: Glu-542; Glu-545 and His-1047. Mutated isoforms participate in cellular transformation and tumorigenesis induced by oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and HRAS1/KRAS. Interaction with HRAS1/KRAS is required for Ras-driven tumor formation. Mutations increasing the lipid kinase activity are required for oncogenic signaling. The protein kinase activity may not be required for tumorigenesis.  Defects in PIK3CA are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/114500 114500].  Defects in PIK3CA are a cause of susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/114480 114480]. A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case.  Defects in PIK3CA are a cause of susceptibility to ovarian cancer (OC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/167000 167000]. Ovarian cancer common malignancy originating from ovarian tissue. Although many histologic types of ovarian neoplasms have been described, epithelial ovarian carcinoma is the most common form. Ovarian cancers are often asymptomatic and the recognized signs and symptoms, even of late-stage disease, are vague. Consequently, most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease.  Defects in PIK3CA may underlie hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/114550 114550].<ref>PMID:15608678</ref>   Defects in PIK3CA are a cause of keratosis seborrheic (KERSEB) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/182000 182000]. A common benign skin tumor. Seborrheic keratoses usually begin with the appearance of one or more sharply defined, light brown, flat macules. The lesions may be sparse or numerous. As they initially grow, they develop a velvety to finely verrucous surface, followed by an uneven warty surface with multiple plugged follicles and a dull or lackluster appearance.<ref>PMID:17673550</ref>   Defects in PIK3CA are the cause of congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, and epidermal nevi (CLOVE) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/612918 612918]. CLOVE is a sporadically occurring, non-hereditary disorder characterized by asymmetric somatic hypertrophy and anomalies in multiple organs. It is defined by four main clinical findings: congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and skeletal/spinal abnormalities. The presence of truncal overgrowth and characteristic patterned macrodactyly at birth differentiates CLOVE from other syndromic forms of overgrowth.<ref>PMID:22658544</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PK3CA_HUMAN PK3CA_HUMAN] Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to various growth factors. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases ligands such as EGF, insulin, IGF1, VEGFA and PDGF. Involved in signaling via insulin-receptor substrate (IRS) proteins. Essential in endothelial cell migration during vascular development through VEGFA signaling, possibly by regulating RhoA activity. Required for lymphatic vasculature development, possibly by binding to RAS and by activation by EGF and FGF2, but not by PDGF. Regulates invadopodia formation in breast cancer cells through the PDPK1-AKT1 pathway. Participates in cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells through a AKT1 pathway. Participates in vasculogenesis in embryonic stem cells through PDK1 and protein kinase C pathway. Has also serine-protein kinase activity: phosphorylates PIK3R1 (p85alpha regulatory subunit), EIF4EBP1 and HRAS.<ref>PMID:21708979</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase alpha (PI3Kalpha) is a therapeutic target of high interest in anticancer drug research. On the basis of a binding model rationalizing the high selectivity and potency of a particular series of 2-aminothiazole compounds in inhibiting PI3Kalpha, a medicinal chemistry program has led to the discovery of the clinical candidate NVP-BYL719.

Discovery of NVP-BYL719 a potent and selective phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase alpha inhibitor selected for clinical evaluation.,Furet P, Guagnano V, Fairhurst RA, Imbach-Weese P, Bruce I, Knapp M, Fritsch C, Blasco F, Blanz J, Aichholz R, Hamon J, Fabbro D, Caravatti G Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013 Jul 1;23(13):3741-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.007. , Epub 2013 May 14. PMID:23726034<ref>PMID:23726034</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4jps" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Phosphoinositide 3-kinase 3D structures|Phosphoinositide 3-kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Elling RA]]
[[Category: Knapp MS]]