View source for 4flh


==Crystal structure of human PI3K-gamma in complex with AMG511==
<StructureSection load='4flh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4flh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.60&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4flh]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4FLH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4FLH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=14K:4-(2-[(5-FLUORO-6-METHOXYPYRIDIN-3-YL)AMINO]-5-{(1R)-1-[4-(METHYLSULFONYL)PIPERAZIN-1-YL]ETHYL}PYRIDIN-3-YL)-6-METHYL-1,3,5-TRIAZIN-2-AMINE'>14K</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4flh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4flh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4flh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4flh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4flh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4flh ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PK3CG_HUMAN PK3CG_HUMAN] Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Links G-protein coupled receptor activation to PIP3 production. Involved in immune, inflammatory and allergic responses. Modulates leukocyte chemotaxis to inflammatory sites and in response to chemoattractant agents. May control leukocyte polarization and migration by regulating the spatial accumulation of PIP3 and by regulating the organization of F-actin formation and integrin-based adhesion at the leading edge. Controls motility of dendritic cells. Together with PIK3CD is involved in natural killer (NK) cell development and migration towards the sites of inflammation. Participates in T-lymphocyte migration. Regulates T-lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Together with PIK3CD participates in T-lymphocyte development. Required for B-lymphocyte development and signaling. Together with PIK3CD participates in neutrophil respiratory burst. Together with PIK3CD is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and extravasation. Together with PIK3CB promotes platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Regulates alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrins (ITGA2B/ ITGB3) adhesive function in platelets downstream of P2Y12 through a lipid kinase activity-independent mechanism. May have also a lipid kinase activity-dependent function in platelet aggregation. Involved in endothelial progenitor cell migration. Negative regulator of cardiac contractility. Modulates cardiac contractility by anchoring protein kinase A (PKA) and PDE3B activation, reducing cAMP levels. Regulates cardiac contractility also by promoting beta-adrenergic receptor internalization by binding to ADRBK1 and by non-muscle tropomyosin phosphorylation. Also has serine/threonine protein kinase activity: both lipid and protein kinase activities are required for beta-adrenergic receptor endocytosis. May also have a scaffolding role in modulating cardiac contractility. Contributes to cardiac hypertrophy under pathological stress. Through simultaneous binding of PDE3B to RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6 is assembled in a signaling complex in which the PI3K gamma complex is activated by RAPGEF3 and which is involved in angiogenesis.<ref>PMID:7624799</ref> <ref>PMID:12163475</ref> <ref>PMID:15294162</ref> <ref>PMID:16094730</ref> <ref>PMID:21393242</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase family catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3), a secondary messenger which plays a critical role in important cellular functions such as metabolism, cell growth, and cell survival. Our efforts to identify potent, efficacious, and orally available PI3K inhibitors as potential cancer therapeutics have resulted in the discovery of 4-(2-((6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)amino)-5-((4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)p yridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (1). In this report, we describe the optimization of compound 1, which led to the design and synthesis of pyridyl-triazine 31, a potent pan inhibitor of class I PI3Ks with a superior pharmacokinetic profile. Compound 31 was shown to potently block the targeted PI3K pathway in a mouse liver pharmacodynamic model and inhibit tumor growth in a U87 MG glioblastoma xenograft model. Based on its excellent in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile, compound 31 was selected for further evaluation as a clinical candidate and was designated AMG 511.

Selective Class I Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Inhibitors: Optimization of a Series of Pyridyl-triazines Leading to the Identification of a Clinical Candidate, AMG 511.,Norman MH, Liu L, Andrews K, Bo Y, Booker S, Caenepeel S, Cee VJ, D'Angelo ND, Freeman DJ, Herberich B, Hong FT, Jackson C, Jiang J, Lannman B, McCarter JD, Mullady E, Nishimura N, Pettus LH, Reed A, San Miguel T, Smith A, Stec MM, Tadesse S, Tasker A, Aidasani D, Zhu S, Subramanian R, Tamayo NA, Wang L, Whittington DA, Wu B, Wu T, Wurz RP, Yang K, Zalameda L, Zhang N, Hughes P J Med Chem. 2012 Aug 16. PMID:22897589<ref>PMID:22897589</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4flh" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Phosphoinositide 3-kinase 3D structures|Phosphoinositide 3-kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Tang J]]
[[Category: Whittington DA]]
[[Category: Yakowec P]]