View source for 3p0f


==Structure of hUPP2 in an inactive conformation with bound 5-benzylacyclouridine==
<StructureSection load='3p0f' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3p0f]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.54&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3p0f]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3P0F OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3P0F FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BAU:1-((2-HYDROXYETHOXY)METHYL)-5-BENZYLPYRIMIDINE-2,4(1H,3H)-DIONE'>BAU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CO:COBALT+(II)+ION'>CO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[3p0e|3p0e]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">UPP2 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uridine_phosphorylase Uridine phosphorylase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.4.2.3 2.4.2.3] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3p0f FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3p0f OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3p0f PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3p0f RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3p0f PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3p0f ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UPP2_HUMAN UPP2_HUMAN]] Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylytic cleavage of uridine and deoxyuridine to uracil and ribose- or deoxyribose-1-phosphate. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. Shows substrate specificity and accept uridine, deoxyuridine, and thymidine as well as the two pyrimidine nucleoside analogs 5-fluorouridine and 5-fluoro-2(')-deoxyuridine as substrates. 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Uridine phosphorylase (UPP) catalyzes the reversible conversion of uridine to uracil and ribose-1-phosphate and plays an important pharmacological role in activating fluoropyrimidine nucleoside chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine. Most vertebrate animals, including humans, possess two homologs of this enzyme (UPP1 &amp; UPP2), of which UPP1 has been more thoroughly studied and is better characterized. Here, we report two crystallographic structures of human UPP2 (hUPP2) in distinctly active and inactive conformations. These structures reveal that a conditional intramolecular disulfide bridge can form within the protein that dislocates a critical phosphate-coordinating arginine residue (R100) away from the active site, disabling the enzyme. In vitro activity measurements on both recombinant hUPP2 and native mouse UPP2 confirm the redox sensitivity of this enzyme, in contrast to UPP1. Sequence analysis shows that this feature is conserved among UPP2 homologs and lacking in all UPP1 proteins due to the absence of a necessary cysteine residue. The state of the disulfide bridge has further structural consequences for one face of the enzyme that suggest UPP2 may have additional functions in sensing and initiating cellular responses to oxidative stress. The molecular details surrounding these dynamic aspects of hUPP2 structure and regulation provide new insights as to how novel inhibitors of this protein may be developed with improved specificity and affinity. As uridine is emerging as a promising protective compound in neuro-degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying UPP control of uridine concentration is key to improving clinical outcomes in these illnesses.

A novel structural mechanism for redox regulation of uridine phosphorylase 2 activity.,Roosild TP, Castronovo S, Villoso A, Ziemba A, Pizzorno G J Struct Biol. 2011 Aug 10. PMID:21855639<ref>PMID:21855639</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3p0f" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Uridine phosphorylase 3D structures|Uridine phosphorylase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Uridine phosphorylase]]
[[Category: Castronovo, S]]
[[Category: Roosild, T P]]
[[Category: Villoso, A]]
[[Category: Transferase]]