View source for 2ydm


==Structural characterization of angiotensin-I converting enzyme in complex with a selenium analogue of captopril==
<StructureSection load='2ydm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2ydm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.44&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2ydm]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2YDM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2YDM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SLC:SELENO-CAPTOPRIL'>SLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2iul|2iul]], [[2iux|2iux]], [[1uze|1uze]], [[2c6f|2c6f]], [[1uzf|1uzf]], [[1o8a|1o8a]], [[2xyd|2xyd]], [[2xy9|2xy9]], [[2c6n|2c6n]], [[1o86|1o86]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptidyl-dipeptidase_A Peptidyl-dipeptidase A], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.15.1 3.4.15.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ydm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2ydm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2ydm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2ydm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2ydm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2ydm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE_HUMAN ACE_HUMAN]] Genetic variations in ACE may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601367 601367]]; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.<ref>PMID:15534175</ref>   Defects in ACE are a cause of renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/267430 267430]]. RTD is an autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype).<ref>PMID:16116425</ref>   Genetic variations in ACE are associated with susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 3 (MVCD3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/612624 612624]]. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis.  Defects in ACE are a cause of susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/614519 614519]]. A pathological condition characterized by bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Intracerebral bleeding is a common cause of stroke.<ref>PMID:15277638</ref>  
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE_HUMAN ACE_HUMAN]] Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. Has also a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety. 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Human somatic angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), a zinc-dependent dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, is central to the regulation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system. It is a well-known target for combating hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. In a recent study by Bhuyan and Mugesh [Org. Biomol. Chem. (2011) 9, 1356-1365], it was shown that the selenium analogues of captopril (a well-known clinical inhibitor of ACE) not only inhibit ACE, but also protect against peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of peptides and proteins. Here, we report the crystal structures of human testis ACE (tACE) and a homologue of ACE, known as AnCE, from Drosophila melanogaster in complex with the most promising selenium analogue of captopril (SeCap) determined at 2.4 and 2.35 A resolution, respectively. The inhibitor binds at the active site of tACE and AnCE in an analogous fashion to that observed for captopril and provide the first examples of a protein-selenolate interaction. These new structures of tACE-SeCap and AnCE-SeCap inhibitor complexes presented here provide important information for further exploration of zinc coordinating selenium-based ACE inhibitor pharmacophores with significant antioxidant activity. Database Structural data for the two SeCap complexes with ACE and AnCE have been deposited with the RCSB Protein Data Bank under the codes 2YDM and 3ZQZ, respectively.

Structural characterization of angiotensin I-converting enzyme in complex with a selenium analogue of captopril.,Akif M, Masuyer G, Schwager SL, Bhuyan BJ, Mugesh G, Isaac RE, Sturrock ED, Acharya KR FEBS J. 2011 Aug 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08276.x. PMID:21810173<ref>PMID:21810173</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2ydm" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 3D structures|Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 3D structures]]
*[[Carboxypeptidase 3D structures|Carboxypeptidase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Peptidyl-dipeptidase A]]
[[Category: Acharya, K R]]
[[Category: Akif, M]]
[[Category: Bhuyan, B J]]
[[Category: Masuyer, G]]
[[Category: Mugesh, G]]
[[Category: Schwager, S L.U]]
[[Category: Sturrock, E D]]
[[Category: Antihypertensive agent]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]