View source for 2frd


==Structure of Transhydrogenase (dI.S138A.NADH)2(dIII.NADPH)1 asymmetric complex==
<StructureSection load='2frd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2frd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2frd]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"dicrospirillum_rubrum"_enderlein_1925 "dicrospirillum rubrum" enderlein 1925]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FRD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2FRD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAI:1,4-DIHYDRONICOTINAMIDE+ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAI</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NDP:NADPH+DIHYDRO-NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NDP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1hzz|1hzz]], [[1nm5|1nm5]], [[1u2d|1u2d]], [[1u2g|1u2g]], [[1u28|1u28]], [[2fr8|2fr8]], [[2fsv|2fsv]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">pntAA, nntA1 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=1085 "Dicrospirillum rubrum" Enderlein 1925]), pntB, nntB ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=1085 "Dicrospirillum rubrum" Enderlein 1925])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAD(P)(+)_transhydrogenase_(Re/Si-specific) NAD(P)(+) transhydrogenase (Re/Si-specific)], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.6.1.2 1.6.1.2] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2frd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2frd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2frd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2frd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2frd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2frd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PNTAA_RHORU PNTAA_RHORU]] The transhydrogenation between NADH and NADP is coupled to respiration and ATP hydrolysis and functions as a proton pump across the membrane (By similarity). [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PNTB_RHORU PNTB_RHORU]] The transhydrogenation between NADH and NADP is coupled to respiration and ATP hydrolysis and functions as a proton pump across the membrane (By similarity). 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/fr/2frd_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2frd ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Transhydrogenase couples proton translocation across a membrane to hydride transfer between NADH and NADP+. Previous x-ray structures of complexes of the nucleotide-binding components of transhydrogenase ("dI2dIII1" complexes) indicate that the dihydronicotinamide ring of NADH can move from a distal position relative to the nicotinamide ring of NADP+ to a proximal position. The movement might be responsible for gating hydride transfer during proton translocation. We have mutated three invariant amino acids, Arg-127, Asp-135, and Ser-138, in the NAD(H)-binding site of Rhodospirillum rubrum transhydrogenase. In each mutant, turnover by the intact enzyme is strongly inhibited. Stopped-flow experiments using dI2dIII1 complexes show that inhibition results from a block in the steps associated with hydride transfer. Mutation of Asp-135 and Ser-138 had no effect on the binding affinity of either NAD+ or NADH, but mutation of Arg-127 led to much weaker binding of NADH and slightly weaker binding of NAD+. X-ray structures of dI2dIII1 complexes carrying the mutations showed that their effects were restricted to the locality of the bound NAD(H). The results are consistent with the suggestion that in wild-type protein movement of the Arg-127 side chain, and its hydrogen bonding to Asp-135 and Ser-138, stabilizes the dihydronicotinamide of NADH in the proximal position for hydride transfer.

The role of invariant amino acid residues at the hydride transfer site of proton-translocating transhydrogenase.,Brondijk TH, van Boxel GI, Mather OC, Quirk PG, White SA, Jackson JB J Biol Chem. 2006 May 12;281(19):13345-54. Epub 2006 Mar 13. PMID:16533815<ref>PMID:16533815</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2frd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[NAD(P) transhydrogenase 3D structures|NAD(P) transhydrogenase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Dicrospirillum rubrum enderlein 1925]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Boxel, G I.van]]
[[Category: Brondijk, T H]]
[[Category: Jackson, J B]]
[[Category: Mather, O C]]
[[Category: Quirk, P G]]
[[Category: White, S A]]
[[Category: Nadh]]
[[Category: Nadph]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase]]