View source for 1c43


==MUTANT HUMAN LYSOZYME WITH FOREIGN N-TERMINAL RESIDUES==
<StructureSection load='1c43' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1c43]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1c43]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1C43 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1C43 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1c43 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1c43 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1c43 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1c43 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1c43 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1c43 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LYSC_HUMAN LYSC_HUMAN]] Defects in LYZ are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/105200 105200]]; also known as systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. AMYL8 is a hereditary generalized amyloidosis due to deposition of apolipoprotein A1, fibrinogen and lysozyme amyloids. Viscera are particularly affected. There is no involvement of the nervous system. Clinical features include renal amyloidosis resulting in nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis, petechial skin rash.<ref>PMID:8464497</ref>  
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LYSC_HUMAN LYSC_HUMAN]] Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/c4/1c43_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1c43 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
To minutely understand the effect of foreign N-terminal residues on the conformational stability of human lysozyme, five mutant proteins were constructed: two had Met or Ala in place of the N-terminal Lys residue (K1M and K1A, respectively), and others had one additional residue, Met, Gly or Pro, to the N-terminal Lys residue (Met(-1), Gly(-1) and Pro(-1), respectively). The thermodynamic parameters for denaturation of these mutant proteins were examined by differential scanning calorimetry and were compared with that of the wild-type protein. Three mutants with the extra residue were significantly destabilized: the changes in unfolding Gibbs energy (DeltaDeltaG) were -9.1 to -12.2 kJ.mol-1. However, the stability of two single substitutions at the N-terminal slightly decreased; the DeltaDeltaG values were only -0.5 to -2.5 kJ.mol-1. The results indicate that human lysozyme is destabilized by an expanded N-terminal residue. The crystal structural analyses of K1M, K1A and Gly(-1) revealed that the introduction of a residue at the N-terminal of human lysozyme caused the destruction of hydrogen bond networks with ordered water molecules, resulting in the destabilization of the protein.

Effect of foreign N-terminal residues on the conformational stability of human lysozyme.,Takano K, Tsuchimori K, Yamagata Y, Yutani K Eur J Biochem. 1999 Dec;266(2):675-82. PMID:10561612<ref>PMID:10561612</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1c43" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Lysozyme 3D structures|Lysozyme 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lysozyme]]
[[Category: Takano, K]]
[[Category: Tsuchimori, K]]
[[Category: Yamagata, Y]]
[[Category: Yutani, K]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: N-terminal]]
[[Category: Stability]]