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==Femtosecond to millisecond structural changes in a light-driven sodium pump: 1ms structure of KR2 with extrapolated, light and dark datasets==
<StructureSection load='6tk2' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6tk2]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6tk2]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cip_108743 Cip 108743]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6TK2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6TK2 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LFA:EICOSANE'>LFA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RET:RETINAL'>RET</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">NaR ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=308116 CIP 108743])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6tk2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6tk2 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6tk2 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6tk2 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6tk2 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6tk2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Light-driven sodium pumps actively transport small cations across cellular membranes(1). These pumps are used by microorganisms to convert light into membrane potential and have become useful optogenetic tools with applications in neuroscience. Although the resting state structures of the prototypical sodium pump Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2) have been solved(2,3), it is unclear how structural alterations over time allow sodium to be translocated against a concentration gradient. Here, using the Swiss X-ray Free Electron Laser(4), we have collected serial crystallographic data at ten pump-probe delays from femtoseconds to milliseconds. High-resolution structural snapshots throughout the KR2 photocycle show how retinal isomerization is completed on the femtosecond timescale and changes the local structure of the binding pocket in the early nanoseconds. Subsequent rearrangements and deprotonation of the retinal Schiff base open an electrostatic gate in microseconds. Structural and spectroscopic data, in combination with quantum chemical calculations, indicate that a sodium ion binds transiently close to the retinal within one millisecond. In the last structural intermediate, at 20 milliseconds after activation, we identified a potential second sodium-binding site close to the extracellular exit. These results provide direct molecular insight into the dynamics of active cation transport across biological membranes.

Femtosecond-to-millisecond structural changes in a light-driven sodium pump.,Skopintsev P, Ehrenberg D, Weinert T, James D, Kar RK, Johnson PJM, Ozerov D, Furrer A, Martiel I, Dworkowski F, Nass K, Knopp G, Cirelli C, Arrell C, Gashi D, Mous S, Wranik M, Gruhl T, Kekilli D, Brunle S, Deupi X, Schertler GFX, Benoit RM, Panneels V, Nogly P, Schapiro I, Milne C, Heberle J, Standfuss J Nature. 2020 May 20. pii: 10.1038/s41586-020-2307-8. doi:, 10.1038/s41586-020-2307-8. PMID:32499654<ref>PMID:32499654</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
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== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Cip 108743]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Benoit, R]]
[[Category: Bruenle, S]]
[[Category: Cirelli, C]]
[[Category: Deupi, X]]
[[Category: Dworkowski, F]]
[[Category: Ehrenberg, D]]
[[Category: Furrer, A]]
[[Category: Gashi, D]]
[[Category: Gruhl, T]]
[[Category: Heberle, J]]
[[Category: James, D]]
[[Category: Johnson, P]]
[[Category: Kar, R]]
[[Category: Kekilli, D]]
[[Category: Knopp, G]]
[[Category: Martiel, I]]
[[Category: Milne, C]]
[[Category: Mous, S]]
[[Category: Nass, K]]
[[Category: Nogly, P]]
[[Category: Ozerov, D]]
[[Category: Panneels, V]]
[[Category: Schapiro, I]]
[[Category: Schertler, G F.X]]
[[Category: Skopintsev, P]]
[[Category: Standfuss, J]]
[[Category: Weinert, T]]
[[Category: Wranik, M]]
[[Category: Membrane protein]]
[[Category: Room-temperature]]
[[Category: Serial femtosecond crystallograpy]]
[[Category: Sodium pumping rhodopsin]]
[[Category: Time-resolved]]