View source for 2gpn


==100 K STRUCTURE OF GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE AT 2.0 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION==
<StructureSection load='2gpn' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2gpn]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.99&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2gpn]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryctolagus_cuniculus Oryctolagus cuniculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2GPN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2GPN FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LLP:(2S)-2-AMINO-6-[[3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-5-(PHOSPHONOOXYMETHYL)PYRIDIN-4-YL]METHYLIDENEAMINO]HEXANOIC+ACID'>LLP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorylase Phosphorylase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.4.1.1 2.4.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2gpn FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2gpn OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2gpn PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2gpn RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2gpn PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2gpn ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYGM_RABIT PYGM_RABIT]] Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/gp/2gpn_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2gpn ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A glucopyranose spirohydantoin (a pyranose analogue of the potent herbicide, hydantocidin) has been identified as the highest affinity glucose analogue inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase b (GPb). In order to elucidate the structural features that contribute to the binding, the structures of GPb in the native T state conformation and in complex with glucopyranose spirohydantoin have been determined at 100 K to 2.0 A and 1.8 A resolution, respectively, and refined to crystallographic R values of 0.197 (R[free] 0.248) and 0.182 (R[free] 0.229), respectively. The low temperature structure of GPb is almost identical to that of the previously determined room temperature structure, apart from a decrease in overall atomic temperature factors ((B) room temperature GPb = 34.9 A2; (B) 100 K GPb = 23.4 A2). The glucopyranose spirohydantoin inhibitor (Ki = 3.0 microM) binds at the catalytic site and induces small changes in two key regions of the protein: the 280s loop (residues 281-286) that results in a decrease in mobility of this region, and the 380s loop (residues 377-385) that undergoes more significant shifts in order to optimize contact to the ligand. The hydantoin group, that is responsible for increasing the affinity of the glucose compound by a factor of 10(3), makes only one hydrogen bond to the protein, from one of its NH groups to the main chain oxygen of His377. The other polar groups of the hydantoin group form hydrogen bonds to five water molecules. These waters are involved in extensive networks of hydrogen bonds and appear to be an integral part of the protein structure. Analysis of the water structure at the catalytic site of the native enzyme, shows that five waters are displaced by ligand binding and that there is a significant decrease in mobility of the remaining waters on formation of the GPb-hydantoin complex. The ability of the inhibitor to exploit existing waters, to displace waters and to recruit new waters appears to be important for the high affinity of the inhibitor.

The structure of a glycogen phosphorylase glucopyranose spirohydantoin complex at 1.8 A resolution and 100 K: the role of the water structure and its contribution to binding.,Gregoriou M, Noble ME, Watson KA, Garman EF, Krulle TM, de la Fuente C, Fleet GW, Oikonomakos NG, Johnson LN Protein Sci. 1998 Apr;7(4):915-27. PMID:9568898<ref>PMID:9568898</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures|Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Oryctolagus cuniculus]]
[[Category: Phosphorylase]]
[[Category: Fleet, G W.J]]
[[Category: Fuente, C De La]]
[[Category: Garman, E F]]
[[Category: Gregoriou, M]]
[[Category: Johnson, L N]]
[[Category: Krulle, T M]]
[[Category: Noble, M E.M]]
[[Category: Oikonomakos, N G]]
[[Category: Watson, K A]]
[[Category: 100 k x-ray structure]]
[[Category: Glycogen phosphorylase]]
[[Category: Mpd]]
[[Category: Transferase]]
[[Category: Water structure]]