View source for 1hq3


==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HISTONE-CORE-OCTAMER IN KCL/PHOSPHATE==
<StructureSection load='1hq3' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hq3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.15&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hq3]] is a 8 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus Gallus gallus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HQ3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HQ3 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hq3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hq3 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hq3 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hq3 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hq3 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hq3 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H4_CHICK H4_CHICK]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H2A4_CHICK H2A4_CHICK]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H32_CHICK H32_CHICK]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hq/1hq3_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hq3 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The structure of the native chicken histone octamer, crystallized in 2 M KCl, 1.35 M potassium phosphate pH 6.9, has been refined at 2.15 A resolution to a final R factor of 21.4% and an R(free) of 25.2%. Unique crystal-packing interactions between histone-core octamers are strong and one of them (area 4000 A(2)) involves two chloride ions and direct interactions between six acidic amino-acid residues on one octamer and the equivalent number of basic residues on the next. These interactions are on the structured part of the octamer (not involving tails). Five phosphate ions, 23 chloride ions and 437 water molecules have been identified in the structure. The phosphate and some chloride ions bind to basic amino-acid residues that interact with DNA in the nucleosome. The binding of most of the anions and the packing interactions are unique to these crystals. In other respects, and including the positions of four chloride ions, the octamer structure is very close to that of octamers in nucleosome-core particle crystals, particularly with respect to 'docking' sequences of the histone H2As and H4s. These sequences together with the H2B-H4 four-helix bundles stabilize the histone structure in the nucleosome and prevent the dissociation of the (H2A-H2B) dimers from the (H3-H4)(2) tetramer. Possible reasons why this happens at high salt in the absence of DNA are given.

Structure of the histone-core octamer in KCl/phosphate crystals at 2.15 A resolution.,Chantalat L, Nicholson JM, Lambert SJ, Reid AJ, Donovan MJ, Reynolds CD, Wood CM, Baldwin JP Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2003 Aug;59(Pt 8):1395-407. Epub 2003, Jul 23. PMID:12876341<ref>PMID:12876341</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Histone 3D structures|Histone 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Gallus gallus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Baldwin, J P]]
[[Category: Chantalat, L]]
[[Category: Donovan, M J]]
[[Category: Lambert, S J]]
[[Category: Nicholson, J M]]
[[Category: Reid, A J]]
[[Category: Reynolds, C D]]
[[Category: Wood, C M]]
[[Category: Chromatin]]
[[Category: Cl and phosphate ion]]
[[Category: Dna binding protein]]
[[Category: Histone-core octamer]]
[[Category: Histone-tail guide helice]]
[[Category: Nucleosome]]
[[Category: Structural element]]
[[Category: Tether structure]]
[[Category: Water]]