View source for 3lxr


==Shigella IpgB2 in complex with human RhoA and GDP (complex C)==
<StructureSection load='3lxr' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3lxr]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.68&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3lxr]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"shigella_paradysenteriae"_weldin_1927 "shigella paradysenteriae" weldin 1927] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3LXR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3LXR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GDP:GUANOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>GDP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3lw8|3lw8]], [[3lwn|3lwn]], [[3lyq|3lyq]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">RHOA ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), ipgB2 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=623 "Shigella paradysenteriae" Weldin 1927])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3lxr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3lxr OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3lxr PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3lxr RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3lxr PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3lxr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RHOA_HUMAN RHOA_HUMAN]] Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pestis, vector of the plague, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which causes gastrointestinal disorders. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. May be an activator of PLCE1. Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization.<ref>PMID:8910519</ref> <ref>PMID:9121475</ref> <ref>PMID:12900402</ref> <ref>PMID:16103226</ref> <ref>PMID:16236794</ref> <ref>PMID:19934221</ref> <ref>PMID:20937854</ref> <ref>PMID:20974804</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/lx/3lxr_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3lxr ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A common theme in bacterial pathogenesis is the manipulation of eukaryotic cells by targeting the cytoskeleton. This is in most cases achieved either by modifying actin, or indirectly via activation of key regulators controlling actin dynamics such as Rho-GTPases. A novel group of bacterial virulence factors termed the WXXXE family has emerged as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for these GTPases. The precise mechanism of nucleotide exchange, however, has remained unclear. Here we report the structure of the WXXXE-protein IpgB2 from Shigella flexneri and its complex with human RhoA. We unambiguously identify IpgB2 as a bacterial RhoA-GEF and dissect the molecular mechanism of GDP release, an essential prerequisite for GTP binding. Our observations uncover that IpgB2 induces conformational changes on RhoA mimicking DbI- but not DOCK family GEFs. We also show that dissociation of the GDP.Mg(2+) complex is preceded by the displacement of the metal ion to the alpha-phosphate of the nucleotide, diminishing its affinity to the GTPase. These data refine our understanding of the mode of action not only of WXXXE GEFs but also of mammalian GEFs of the DH/PH family.

Structure of Shigella IpgB2 in complex with human RhoA: implications for the mechanism of bacterial guanine nucleotide exchange factor mimicry.,Klink BU, Barden S, Heidler TV, Borchers C, Ladwein M, Stradal TE, Rottner K, Heinz DW J Biol Chem. 2010 May 28;285(22):17197-208. Epub 2010 Apr 2. PMID:20363740<ref>PMID:20363740</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3lxr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Rho GTPase|Rho GTPase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Shigella paradysenteriae weldin 1927]]
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Barden, S]]
[[Category: Borchers, C]]
[[Category: Heidler, T V]]
[[Category: Heinz, D W]]
[[Category: Klink, B U]]
[[Category: Ladwein, M]]
[[Category: Rottner, K]]
[[Category: Stradal, T E.B]]
[[Category: Bacterial gef]]
[[Category: Cytoskeleton dynamic]]
[[Category: Gef]]
[[Category: Gef-gtpase-complex]]
[[Category: Gtpase]]
[[Category: Ipgb2]]
[[Category: Rhoa]]
[[Category: Signaling protein-rhoa-binding protein complex]]
[[Category: Ttss effector protein]]
[[Category: Wxxxe]]