View source for 4cxu


==G4 mutant of PAS, arylsulfatase from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, in complex with 3-Br-Phenolphenylphosphonate==
<StructureSection load='4cxu' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4cxu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.03&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4cxu]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"bacillus_aeruginosus"_(schroeter_1872)_trevisan_1885 "bacillus aeruginosus" (schroeter 1872) trevisan 1885]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4CXU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4CXU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=62Y:3-BROMOPHENYL+HYDROGEN+(S)-PHENYLPHOSPHONATE'>62Y</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DDZ:3,3-DIHYDROXY+L-ALANINE'>DDZ</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4cxk|4cxk]], [[4cxs|4cxs]]</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arylsulfatase Arylsulfatase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.1.6.1 3.1.6.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4cxu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4cxu OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4cxu PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4cxu RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4cxu PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4cxu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The recruitment and evolutionary optimization of promiscuous enzymes is key to the rapid adaptation of organisms to changing environments. Our understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying enzyme repurposing is, however, limited: What are the active-site features that enable the molecular recognition of multiple substrates with contrasting catalytic requirements? To gain insights into the molecular determinants of adaptation in promiscuous enzymes, we performed the laboratory evolution of an arylsulfatase to improve its initially weak phenylphosphonate hydrolase activity. The evolutionary trajectory led to a 100,000-fold enhancement of phenylphosphonate hydrolysis, while the native sulfate and promiscuous phosphate mono- and diester hydrolyses were only marginally affected (&lt;/=50-fold). Structural, kinetic, and in silico characterizations of the evolutionary intermediates revealed that two key mutations, T50A and M72V, locally reshaped the active site, improving access to the catalytic machinery for the phosphonate. Measured transition state (TS) charge changes along the trajectory suggest the creation of a new Michaelis complex (E*S, enzyme-substrate), with enhanced leaving group stabilization in the TS for the promiscuous phosphonate (betaleavinggroup from -1.08 to -0.42). Rather than altering the catalytic machinery, evolutionary repurposing was achieved by fine-tuning the molecular recognition of the phosphonate in the Michaelis complex, and by extension, also in the TS. This molecular scenario constitutes a mechanistic alternative to adaptation solely based on enzyme flexibility and conformational selection. Instead, rapid functional transitions between distinct chemical reactions rely on the high reactivity of permissive active-site architectures that allow multiple substrate binding modes.

Evolutionary repurposing of a sulfatase: A new Michaelis complex leads to efficient transition state charge offset.,Miton CM, Jonas S, Fischer G, Duarte F, Mohamed MF, van Loo B, Kintses B, Kamerlin SCL, Tokuriki N, Hyvonen M, Hollfelder F Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jul 31;115(31):E7293-E7302. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1607817115. Epub 2018 Jul 16. PMID:30012610<ref>PMID:30012610</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4cxu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Arylsulfatase]]
[[Category: Fischer, G]]
[[Category: Hollfelder, F]]
[[Category: Hyvonen, M]]
[[Category: Jonas, S]]
[[Category: Kintses, B]]
[[Category: Loo, B v]]
[[Category: Miton, C M]]
[[Category: Mohammed, M F]]
[[Category: Tokuriki, N]]
[[Category: Catalytic promiscuity]]
[[Category: Directed evolution]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Neutral drift]]
[[Category: Sulfatase]]
[[Category: Superfamily]]