View source for 9ldb


==DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NEW ENZYMES BASED ON THE LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE FRAMEWORK==
<StructureSection load='9ldb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[9ldb]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9ldb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig Pig]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9LDB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9LDB FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAD:NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=OXM:OXAMIC+ACID'>OXM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACE:ACETYL+GROUP'>ACE</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-lactate_dehydrogenase L-lactate dehydrogenase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.1.1.27 1.1.1.27] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9ldb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9ldb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/9ldb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9ldb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9ldb PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9ldb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ld/9ldb_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=9ldb ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Analysis of the mechanism and structure of lactate dehydrogenases is summarized in a map of the catalytic pathway. Chemical probes, single tryptophan residues inserted at specific sites and a crystal structure reveal slow movements of the protein framework that discriminate between closely related small substrates. Only small and correctly charged substrates allow the protein to engulf the substrate in an internal vacuole that is isolated from solvent protons, in which water is frozen and hydride transfer is rapid. The closed vacuole is very sensitive to the size and charge of the substrate and provides discrimination between small substrates that otherwise have too few functional groups to be distinguished at a solvated protein surface. This model was tested against its ability to successfully predict the design and synthesis of new enzymes such as L-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase and fully active malate dehydrogenase. Solvent friction limits the rate of forming the vacuole and thus the maximum rate of catalysis.

Design and synthesis of new enzymes based on the lactate dehydrogenase framework.,Dunn CR, Wilks HM, Halsall DJ, Atkinson T, Clarke AR, Muirhead H, Holbrook JJ Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1991 May 29;332(1263):177-84. PMID:1678537<ref>PMID:1678537</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 9ldb" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: L-lactate dehydrogenase]]
[[Category: Pig]]
[[Category: Dunn, C R]]
[[Category: Holbrook, J J]]
[[Category: Muirhead, H]]