View source for 2fug

{{Large structure}}
==Crystal structure of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus==
<StructureSection load='2fug' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2fug]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2fug]] is a 32 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thet8 Thet8]. The December 2011 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Complex I''  by David Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2011_12 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2011_12]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FUG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2FUG FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FMN:FLAVIN+MONONUCLEOTIDE'>FMN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SF4:IRON/SULFUR+CLUSTER'>SF4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADH_dehydrogenase_(quinone) NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.6.5.11 1.6.5.11] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2fug FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2fug OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2fug PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2fug RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2fug PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2fug ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
{{Large structure}}
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO6_THET8 NQO6_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01356] [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO3_THET8 NQO3_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO9_THET8 NQO9_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. The role of the nqo9 subunit appears to provide a 'connecting chain' of two clusters between cluster N5 and the terminal cluster N2, and to stabilize the structure of the complex by interacting with other subunits.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01351] [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO2_THET8 NQO2_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO1_THET8 NQO1_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. The nqo1 subunit contains the NADH-binding site and the primary electron acceptor FMN. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO4_THET8 NQO4_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. The nqo4 subunit may contain the quinone-binding site.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01358] [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO5_THET8 NQO5_THET8]] NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. The nqo5 subunit may be involved in the stabilization of the complex.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01357] 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/fu/2fug_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2fug ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Respiratory complex I plays a central role in cellular energy production in bacteria and mitochondria. Its dysfunction is implicated in many human neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in aging. The crystal structure of the hydrophilic domain (peripheral arm) of complex I from Thermus thermophilus has been solved at 3.3 angstrom resolution. This subcomplex consists of eight subunits and contains all the redox centers of the enzyme, including nine iron-sulfur clusters. The primary electron acceptor, flavin-mononucleotide, is within electron transfer distance of cluster N3, leading to the main redox pathway, and of the distal cluster N1a, a possible antioxidant. The structure reveals new aspects of the mechanism and evolution of the enzyme. The terminal cluster N2 is coordinated, uniquely, by two consecutive cysteines. The novel subunit Nqo15 has a similar fold to the mitochondrial iron chaperone frataxin, and it may be involved in iron-sulfur cluster regeneration in the complex.

Structure of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus.,Sazanov LA, Hinchliffe P Science. 2006 Mar 10;311(5766):1430-6. Epub 2006 Feb 9. PMID:16469879<ref>PMID:16469879</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2fug" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Complex I]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: Thet8]]
[[Category: Hinchliffe, P]]
[[Category: Sazanov, L A]]
[[Category: Electron transport]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
[[Category: Respiratory chain]]