View source for 1jk3


==Crystal structure of human MMP-12 (Macrophage Elastase) at true atomic resolution==
<StructureSection load='1jk3' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1jk3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.09&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1jk3]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1JK3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1JK3 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BAT:4-(N-HYDROXYAMINO)-2R-ISOBUTYL-2S-(2-THIENYLTHIOMETHYL)SUCCINYL-L-PHENYLALANINE-N-METHYLAMIDE'>BAT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage_elastase Macrophage elastase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.24.65 3.4.24.65] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1jk3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1jk3 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1jk3 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1jk3 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1jk3 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1jk3 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MMP12_HUMAN MMP12_HUMAN]] May be involved in tissue injury and remodeling. Has significant elastolytic activity. Can accept large and small amino acids at the P1' site, but has a preference for leucine. Aromatic or hydrophobic residues are preferred at the P1 site, with small hydrophobic residues (preferably alanine) occupying P3. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/jk/1jk3_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1jk3 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The macrophage elastase enzyme (MMP-12) expressed mainly in alveolar macrophages has been identified in the mouse lung as the main destructive agent associated with cigarette smoking, which gives rise to emphysema, both directly via elastin degradation and indirectly by disturbing the proteinase/antiproteinase balance via inactivation of the alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha1-PI), the antagonist of the leukocyte elastase. The catalytic domain of human recombinant MMP-12 has been crystallized in complex with the broad-specificity inhibitor batimastat (BB-94). The crystal structure analysis of this complex, determined using X-ray data to 1.1 A and refined to an R-value of 0.165, reveals an overall fold similar to that of other MMPs. However, the S-shaped double loop connecting strands III and IV is fixed closer to the beta-sheet and projects its His172 side-chain further into the rather hydrophobic active-site cleft, defining the S3 and the S1-pockets and separating them from each other to a larger extent than is observed in other MMPs. The S2-site is planar, while the characteristic S1'-subsite is a continuous tube rather than a pocket, in which the MMP-12-specific Thr215 replaces a Val residue otherwise highly conserved in almost all other MMPs. This alteration might allow MMP-12 to accept P1' Arg residues, making it unique among MMPs. The active-site cleft of MMP-12 is well equipped to bind and efficiently cleave the AlaMetPhe-LeuGluAla sequence in the reactive-site loop of alpha1-PI, as occurs experimentally. Similarities in contouring and particularly a common surface hydrophobicity both inside and distant from the active-site cleft explain why MMP-12 shares many substrates with matrilysin (MMP-7). The MMP-12 structure is an excellent template for the structure-based design of specific inhibitors for emphysema therapy and for the construction of mutants to clarify the role of this MMP.

Substrate specificity determinants of human macrophage elastase (MMP-12) based on the 1.1 A crystal structure.,Lang R, Kocourek A, Braun M, Tschesche H, Huber R, Bode W, Maskos K J Mol Biol. 2001 Sep 28;312(4):731-42. PMID:11575928<ref>PMID:11575928</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1jk3" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Matrix metalloproteinase|Matrix metalloproteinase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Macrophage elastase]]
[[Category: Bode, W]]
[[Category: Braun, M]]
[[Category: Huber, R]]
[[Category: Kocourek, A]]
[[Category: Lang, R]]
[[Category: Maskos, K]]
[[Category: Tschesche, H]]
[[Category: Batimastat]]
[[Category: Bb94]]
[[Category: Elastase]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Hydroxamic acid]]
[[Category: Matrix metalloproteinase]]
[[Category: Metallo elastase]]
[[Category: Mmp12]]