View source for 3mgp


==Binding of Cobalt ions to the Nucleosome Core Particle==
<StructureSection load='3mgp' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3mgp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.44&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3mgp]] is a 10 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_clawed_frog African clawed frog]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3MGP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3MGP FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CO:COBALT+(II)+ION'>CO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1kx5|1kx5]], [[3mgq|3mgq]], [[3mgr|3mgr]], [[3mgs|3mgs]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Histone 3 or H3 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=8355 African clawed frog]), Histone 4 or H4 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=8355 African clawed frog]), Histone 2A or H2A, LOC494591 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=8355 African clawed frog]), Histone 2B or H2B ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=8355 African clawed frog])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3mgp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3mgp OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3mgp PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3mgp RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3mgp PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3mgp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H2B11_XENLA H2B11_XENLA]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H32_XENLA H32_XENLA]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H4_XENLA H4_XENLA]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/mg/3mgp_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3mgp ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Heavy metals have the potential to engage in strong bonding interactions and can thus function in essential as well as toxic or therapeutic capacities. We conducted crystallographic analyses of heavy cation binding to the nucleosome core particle and found that Co(2+) and Ni(2+) preferentially associate with the DNA major groove, in a sequence- and conformation-dependent manner. Conversely, Rb(+) and Cs(+) are found to bind only opportunistically to minor groove elements of the DNA, in particular at narrow AT dinucleotide sites. Furthermore, relative to Mn(2+) the aggressive coordination of Co(2+) and Ni(2+) to guanine bases is observed to induce a shift in histone-DNA register around the nucleosome center by stabilizing DNA stretching over one region accompanied by expulsion of two bases at an opposing location. These 'softer' transition metals also associate with multiple histone protein sites, including inter-nucleosomal cross-linking, and display a proclivity for coordination to histidine. Sustained binding and the ability to induce structural perturbations at specific locations in the nucleosome may contribute to genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis mediated by Co(2+) and Ni(2+).

Perturbations in nucleosome structure from heavy metal association.,Mohideen K, Muhammad R, Davey CA Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 May 21. PMID:20494975<ref>PMID:20494975</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3mgp" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Histone|Histone]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: African clawed frog]]
[[Category: Davey, C A]]
[[Category: Mohideen, K]]
[[Category: Muhammad, R]]
[[Category: Protein-dna complex]]
[[Category: Structural protein-dna complex]]