View source for 3def

==Crystal structure of Toc33 from Arabidopsis thaliana, dimerization deficient mutant R130A==
<StructureSection load='3def' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3def]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.96&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3def]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arath Arath]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3DEF OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3DEF FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GDP:GUANOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>GDP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[2j3e|2j3e]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">T7I23.11 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=3702 ARATH])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_monomeric_GTPase Small monomeric GTPase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.6.5.2 3.6.5.2] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3def FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3def OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3def PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3def RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3def PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TOC33_ARATH TOC33_ARATH]] GTPase involved in protein precursor import into chloroplasts. Seems to recognize chloroplast-destined precursor proteins and regulate their presentation to the translocation channel through GTP hydrolysis. Binds GTP, GDP, XTP, but not ATP. Probably specialized in the import of nuclear encoded photosynthetic preproteins from the cytoplasm to the chloroplast, especially during early development stages.<ref>PMID:11553737</ref> <ref>PMID:12741849</ref> <ref>PMID:12782294</ref> <ref>PMID:12869544</ref> <ref>PMID:12951325</ref> <ref>PMID:12897258</ref> <ref>PMID:15053763</ref> <ref>PMID:16412428</ref> <ref>PMID:16435266</ref> <ref>PMID:18054337</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/de/3def_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3def ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Precursor protein translocation across the outer chloroplast membrane depends on the action of the Toc complex, containing GTPases as recognizing receptor components. The G domains of the GTPases are known to dimerize. In the dimeric conformation an arginine contacts the phosphate moieties of bound nucleotide in trans. Kinetic studies suggested that the arginine in itself does not act as an arginine finger of a reciprocal GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Here we investigate the specific function of the residue in two GTPase homologues. Arginine to alanine replacement variants have significantly reduced affinities for dimerization compared with wild-type GTPases. The amino acid exchange does not impact on the overall fold and nucleotide binding, as seen in the monomeric x-ray crystallographic structure of the Arabidopsis Toc33 arginine-alanine replacement variant at 2.0A. We probed the catalytic center with the transition state analogue GDP/AlF(x) using NMR and analytical ultracentrifugation. AlF(x) binding depends on the arginine, suggesting the residue can play a role in catalysis despite the non-GAP nature of the homodimer. Two non-exclusive functional models are discussed: 1) the coGAP hypothesis, in which an additional factor activates the GTPase in homodimeric form; and 2) the switch hypothesis, in which a protein, presumably the large Toc159 GTPase, exchanges with one of the homodimeric subunits, leading to activation.

On the significance of Toc-GTPase homodimers.,Koenig P, Oreb M, Rippe K, Muhle-Goll C, Sinning I, Schleiff E, Tews I J Biol Chem. 2008 Aug 22;283(34):23104-12. Epub 2008 Jun 8. PMID:18541539<ref>PMID:18541539</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Arath]]
[[Category: Small monomeric GTPase]]
[[Category: Koenig, P]]
[[Category: Schleiff, E]]
[[Category: Sinning, I]]
[[Category: Tews, I]]
[[Category: Chloroplast]]
[[Category: Gtpase]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Toc33]]