View source for 2ffx

==Structure of Human Ferritin L. Chain==
<StructureSection load='2ffx' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2ffx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2ffx]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FFX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2FFX FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CD:CADMIUM+ION'>CD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">FTL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ffx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2ffx OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2ffx PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2ffx RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2ffx PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRIL_HUMAN FRIL_HUMAN]] Defects in FTL are the cause of hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome (HHCS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/600886 600886]]. It is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by early-onset bilateral cataract. Affected patients have elevated level of circulating ferritin. HHCS is caused by mutations in the iron responsive element (IRE) of the FTL gene.<ref>PMID:20159981</ref>   Defects in FTL are the cause of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 3 (NBIA3) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/606159 606159]]; also known as adult-onset basal ganglia disease. It is a movement disorder with heterogeneous presentations starting in the fourth to sixth decade. It is characterized by a variety of neurological signs including parkinsonism, ataxia, corticospinal signs, mild nonprogressive cognitive deficit and episodic psychosis. It is linked with decreased serum ferritin levels.<ref>PMID:20159981</ref> <ref>PMID:16116125</ref>  
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRIL_HUMAN FRIL_HUMAN]] Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation. Also plays a role in delivery of iron to cells. Mediates iron uptake in capsule cells of the developing kidney (By similarity).<ref>PMID:19923220</ref> <ref>PMID:20159981</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ff/2ffx_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2ffx ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Ferritin is the major iron-storage protein present in all cells. It generally contains 24 subunits, with different ratios of heavy chain (H) to light chain (L), in the shape of a hollow sphere hosting up to 4500 ferric Fe atoms inside. H-rich ferritins catalyse the oxidation of iron(II), while L-rich ferritins promote the nucleation and storage of iron(III). Several X-ray structures have been determined, including those of L-chain ferritins from horse spleen (HoSF), recombinant L-chain ferritins from horse (HoLF), mouse (MoLF) and bullfrog (BfLF) as well as recombinant human H-chain ferritin (HuHF). Here, structures have been determined of two crystal forms of recombinant human L-chain ferritin (HuLF) obtained from native and perdeuterated proteins. The structures show a cluster of acidic residues at the ferrihydrite nucleation site and at the iron channel along the threefold axis. An ordered Cd2+ structure is observed within the iron channel, offering further insight into the route and mechanism of iron transport into the capsid. The loop between helices D and E, which is disordered in many other L-chain structures, is clearly visible in these two structures. The crystals generated from perdeuterated HuLF will be used for neutron diffraction studies.

Structure of human ferritin L chain.,Wang Z, Li C, Ellenburg M, Soistman E, Ruble J, Wright B, Ho JX, Carter DC Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Jul;62(Pt 7):800-6. Epub 2006, Jun 20. PMID:16790936<ref>PMID:16790936</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Ferritin|Ferritin]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Carter, D C]]
[[Category: Ellenburg, M P]]
[[Category: Ho, J X]]
[[Category: Li, C]]
[[Category: Ruble, J R]]
[[Category: Soitsman, E M]]
[[Category: Wang, Z M]]
[[Category: Wright, B S]]
[[Category: Human ferritin light chain perdeuterated capsid]]
[[Category: Metal binding protein]]