View source for 1rd9

==Cholera Toxin B-Pentamer Complexed With Bivalent Nitrophenol-Galactoside Ligand BV2==
<StructureSection load='1rd9' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1rd9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.44&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1rd9]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"bacillo_virgola_del_koch"_trevisan_1884 "bacillo virgola del koch" trevisan 1884]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1RD9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1RD9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BV2:1,3-BIS-([3-(4-{3-[3-NITRO-5-(GALACTOPYRANOSYLOXY)-BENZOYLAMINO]-PROPYL}-PIPERAZIN-1-YL)-PROPYL-AMINO]-CARBONYLOXY)-2-AMINO-PROPANE'>BV2</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=P6G:HEXAETHYLENE+GLYCOL'>P6G</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TRS:2-AMINO-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-PROPANE-1,3-DIOL'>TRS</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1rcv|1rcv]], [[1rdp|1rdp]], [[1rf2|1rf2]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">ctxB ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=666 "Bacillo virgola del Koch" Trevisan 1884])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1rd9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1rd9 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1rd9 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1rd9 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1rd9 PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHTB_VIBCH CHTB_VIBCH]] The B subunit pentameric ring directs the A subunit to its target by binding to the GM1 gangliosides present on the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells. It can bind five GM1 gangliosides. It has no toxic activity by itself. 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A series of bivalent ligands of varying length were synthesized to inhibit the receptor-binding process of cholera toxin. Competitive surface receptor binding assays showed that significant potency gains relative to the constituent monovalent ligands were achieved independently from the ability of the extended bivalent ligands to span binding sites within the toxin pentamer. Several models that could account for the unexpected improvement in IC(50) values are examined, taking into account crystallographic analysis of each ligand in complex with the toxin pentamer. Evidence is presented that steric blocking at the receptor binding surface may play a role. The results of our study suggest that the use of relatively short, "nonspanning" bivalent ligands, or monovalent ligands of similar topology and bulk may be an effective way of blocking the interaction of multimeric proteins with their cell surface receptors.

Nonspanning bivalent ligands as improved surface receptor binding inhibitors of the cholera toxin B pentamer.,Pickens JC, Mitchell DD, Liu J, Tan X, Zhang Z, Verlinde CL, Hol WG, Fan E Chem Biol. 2004 Sep;11(9):1205-15. PMID:15380181<ref>PMID:15380181</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1rd9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Cholera toxin|Cholera toxin]]
*[[User:David Solfiell/sandbox 1|User:David Solfiell/sandbox 1]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bacillo virgola del koch trevisan 1884]]
[[Category: Fan, E]]
[[Category: Hol, W G]]
[[Category: Liu, J]]
[[Category: Mitchell, D D]]
[[Category: Pickens, J C]]
[[Category: Tan, X]]
[[Category: Verlinde, C L]]
[[Category: Zhang, Z]]
[[Category: Bivalent]]
[[Category: Cholera]]
[[Category: Complex]]
[[Category: Pentamer]]
[[Category: Toxin]]