View source for 1qyf

==Crystal structure of matured green fluorescent protein R96A variant==
<StructureSection load='1qyf' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1qyf]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1qyf]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeqvi Aeqvi]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1QYF OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1QYF FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CRO:{2-[(1R,2R)-1-AMINO-2-HYDROXYPROPYL]-4-(4-HYDROXYBENZYLIDENE)-5-OXO-4,5-DIHYDRO-1H-IMIDAZOL-1-YL}ACETIC+ACID'>CRO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1qxt|1qxt]], [[1qy3|1qy3]], [[1qyo|1qyo]], [[1qyq|1qyq]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">GFP ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=6100 AEQVI])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1qyf FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1qyf OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1qyf PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1qyf RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1qyf PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GFP_AEQVI GFP_AEQVI]] Energy-transfer acceptor. Its role is to transduce the blue chemiluminescence of the protein aequorin into green fluorescent light by energy transfer. Fluoresces in vivo upon receiving energy from the Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein aequorin. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/qy/1qyf_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Green fluorescent protein has revolutionized cell labeling and molecular tagging, yet the driving force and mechanism for its spontaneous fluorophore synthesis are not established. Here we discover mutations that substantially slow the rate but not the yield of this posttranslational modification, determine structures of the trapped precyclization intermediate and oxidized postcyclization states, and identify unanticipated features critical to chromophore maturation. The protein architecture contains a dramatic approximately 80 degrees bend in the central helix, which focuses distortions at G67 to promote ring formation from amino acids S65, Y66, and G67. Significantly, these distortions eliminate potential helical hydrogen bonds that would otherwise have to be broken at an energetic cost during peptide cyclization and force the G67 nitrogen and S65 carbonyl oxygen atoms within van der Waals contact in preparation for covalent bond formation. Further, we determine that under aerobic, but not anaerobic, conditions the Gly-Gly-Gly chromophore sequence cyclizes and incorporates an oxygen atom. These results lead directly to a conjugation-trapping mechanism, in which a thermodynamically unfavorable cyclization reaction is coupled to an electronic conjugation trapping step, to drive chromophore maturation. Moreover, we propose primarily electrostatic roles for the R96 and E222 side chains in chromophore formation and suggest that the T62 carbonyl oxygen is the base that initiates the dehydration reaction. Our molecular mechanism provides the basis for understanding and eventually controlling chromophore creation.

Mechanism and energetics of green fluorescent protein chromophore synthesis revealed by trapped intermediate structures.,Barondeau DP, Putnam CD, Kassmann CJ, Tainer JA, Getzoff ED Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Oct 14;100(21):12111-6. Epub 2003 Oct 1. PMID:14523232<ref>PMID:14523232</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1qyf" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Green Fluorescent Protein|Green Fluorescent Protein]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aeqvi]]
[[Category: Barondeau, D P]]
[[Category: Getzoff, E D]]
[[Category: Kassmann, C J]]
[[Category: Putnam, C D]]
[[Category: Tainer, J A]]
[[Category: Beta barrel]]
[[Category: Chromophore]]
[[Category: Luminescent protein]]