View source for 1ejn

==UROKINASE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR B-CHAIN INHIBITOR COMPLEX==
<StructureSection load='1ejn' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1ejn]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1ejn]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1EJN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1EJN FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=AGB:N-(1-ADAMANTYL)-N-(4-GUANIDINOBENZYL)UREA'>AGB</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-plasminogen_activator U-plasminogen activator], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.21.73 3.4.21.73] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1ejn FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1ejn OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1ejn PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1ejn RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1ejn PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN]] Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/601709 601709]]. QPD is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary degradation of alpha-granule proteins.<ref>PMID:20007542</ref>  
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN]] Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin. 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ej/1ejn_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Increased expression of the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in tumor tissues is highly correlated with tumor cell migration, invasion, proliferation, progression, and metastasis. Thus inhibition of uPA activity represents a promising target for antimetastatic therapy. So far, only the x-ray crystal structure of uPA inactivated by H-Glu-Gly-Arg-chloromethylketone has been reported, thus limited data are available for a rational structure-based design of uPA inhibitors. Taking into account the trypsin-like arginine specificity of uPA, (4-aminomethyl)phenylguanidine was selected as a potential P1 residue and iterative derivatization of its amino group with various hydrophobic residues, and structure-activity relationship-based optimization of the spacer in terms of hydrogen bond acceptor/donor properties led to N-(1-adamantyl)-N'-(4-guanidinobenzyl)urea as a highly selective nonpeptidic uPA inhibitor. The x-ray crystal structure of the uPA B-chain complexed with this inhibitor revealed a surprising binding mode consisting of the expected insertion of the phenylguanidine moiety into the S1 pocket, but with the adamantyl residue protruding toward the hydrophobic S1' enzyme subsite, thus exposing the ureido group to hydrogen-bonding interactions. Although in this enzyme-bound state the inhibitor is crossing the active site, interactions with the catalytic residues Ser-195 and His-57 are not observed, but their side chains are spatially displaced for steric reasons. Compared with other trypsin-like serine proteases, the S2 and S3/S4 pockets of uPA are reduced in size because of the 99-insertion loop. Therefore, the peculiar binding mode of the new type of uPA inhibitors offers the possibility of exploiting optimized interactions at the S1'/S2' subsites to further enhance selectivity and potency. Because crystals of the uPA/benzamidine complex allow inhibitor exchange by soaking procedures, the structure-based design of new generations of uPA inhibitors can rely on the assistance of x-ray analysis.

(4-aminomethyl)phenylguanidine derivatives as nonpeptidic highly selective inhibitors of human urokinase.,Sperl S, Jacob U, Arroyo de Prada N, Sturzebecher J, Wilhelm OG, Bode W, Magdolen V, Huber R, Moroder L Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 9;97(10):5113-8. PMID:10805774<ref>PMID:10805774</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1ejn" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Urokinase|Urokinase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: U-plasminogen activator]]
[[Category: Bode, W]]
[[Category: Huber, R]]
[[Category: Jacob, U]]
[[Category: Magdolen, V]]
[[Category: Moroder, L]]
[[Category: Prada, N Arroyo de]]
[[Category: Sperl, S]]
[[Category: Stuerzebecher, J]]
[[Category: Wilhelm, O G]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Inhibitor complex]]
[[Category: Plasminogen activator]]
[[Category: Upa]]
[[Category: Urokinase]]