View source for 2kv9

==Integrin beta3 subunit in a disulfide linked alphaIIb-beta3 cytosolic domain==
<StructureSection load='2kv9' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2kv9]], [[NMR_Ensembles_of_Models | 20 NMR models]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2kv9]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2KV9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2KV9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1m8o|1m8o]], [[1kup|1kup]], [[1kuz|1kuz]], [[2k9j|2k9j]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">ITGB3, GP3A ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2kv9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2kv9 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2kv9 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2kv9 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2kv9 PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITB3_HUMAN ITB3_HUMAN]] Defects in ITGB3 are a cause of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/273800 273800]]; also known as thrombasthenia of Glanzmann and Naegeli. GT is the most common inherited disease of platelets. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding of mild-to-moderate severity and the inability of this integrin to recognize macromolecular or synthetic peptide ligands. GT has been classified clinically into types I and II. In type I, platelets show absence of the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complexes at their surface and lack fibrinogen and clot retraction capability. In type II, the platelets express the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complex at reduced levels (5-20% controls), have detectable amounts of fibrinogen, and have low or moderate clot retraction capability. The platelets of GT 'variants' have normal or near normal (60-100%) expression of dysfunctional receptors.<ref>PMID:2392682</ref> <ref>PMID:1371279</ref> <ref>PMID:1602006</ref> <ref>PMID:1438206</ref> <ref>PMID:8781422</ref> <ref>PMID:9376589</ref> <ref>PMID:9215749</ref> <ref>PMID:9790984</ref> <ref>PMID:9684783</ref> <ref>PMID:10233432</ref> <ref>PMID:11588040</ref> <ref>PMID:11897046</ref> <ref>PMID:12083483</ref> <ref>PMID:12353082</ref> <ref>PMID:15583747</ref> <ref>PMID:15634267</ref> <ref>PMID:15748237</ref>  
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITB3_HUMAN ITB3_HUMAN]] Integrin alpha-V/beta-3 is a receptor for cytotactin, fibronectin, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin, vitronectin and von Willebrand factor. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. Integrins alpha-IIb/beta-3 and alpha-V/beta-3 recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial surface. In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The integrin alphaIIbbeta3 is a transmembrane (TM) heterodimeric adhesion receptor that exists in equilibrium between resting and active ligand binding conformations. In resting alphaIIbbeta3, the TM and cytoplasmic domains of alphaIIb and beta3 form a heterodimer that constrains alphaIIbbeta3 in its resting conformation. To study the structure and dynamics of the cytoplasmic domain heterodimer, we prepared a disulfide-stabilized complex consisting of portions of the TM domains and the full cytoplasmic domains. NMR and hydrogen-deuterium exchange of this complex in micelles showed that the alphaIIb cytoplasmic domain is largely disordered, but it interacts with and influences the conformation of the beta3 cytoplasmic domain. The beta3 cytoplasmic domain consists of a stable proximal helix contiguous with the TM helix and two distal amphiphilic helices. To confirm the NMR structure in a membrane-like environment, we studied the beta3 cytoplasmic domain tethered to phospholipid bilayers. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, as well as circular dichroism spectroscopy, demonstrated that the beta3 cytoplasmic domain becomes more ordered and helical under these conditions, consistent with our NMR results. Further, these experiments suggest that the two distal helices associate with lipid bilayers but undergo fluctuations that would allow rapid binding of cytoplasmic proteins regulating integrin activation, such as talin and kindlin-3. Thus, these results provide a framework for understanding the kinetics and thermodynamics of protein interactions involving integrin cytoplasmic domains and suggest that such interactions act in a concerted fashion to influence integrin stalk separation and exposure of extracellular ligand binding sites.

NMR analysis of the {alpha}IIb{beta}3 cytoplasmic interaction suggests a mechanism for integrin regulation.,Metcalf DG, Moore DT, Wu Y, Kielec JM, Molnar K, Valentine KG, Wand AJ, Bennett JS, Degrado WF Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Dec 28;107(52):22481-6. Epub 2010 Dec 14. PMID:21156831<ref>PMID:21156831</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2kv9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Integrin|Integrin]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Bennett, J S]]
[[Category: Kielec, J M]]
[[Category: Metcalf, D G]]
[[Category: Molnar, K]]
[[Category: Moore, D T]]
[[Category: Valentine, K G]]
[[Category: Wand, A]]
[[Category: William, D F]]
[[Category: Beta3]]
[[Category: Cd61]]
[[Category: Cell adhesion]]
[[Category: Gpiiia]]
[[Category: Integrin beta3]]
[[Category: Platelet glycoprotein iiia]]