View source for 3oaw

==4-Methylpteridineones as Orally Active and Selective PI3K/mTOR Dual Inhibitors==
<StructureSection load='3oaw' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3oaw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.75&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3oaw]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3OAW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3OAW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=OAW:2-AMINO-4-METHYL-8-(1-METHYLETHYL)-6-(1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)PTERIDIN-7(8H)-ONE'>OAW</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3ml9|3ml9]], [[3ml8|3ml8]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">PIK3CG ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 Homo sapiens])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate_3-kinase Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.1.153 2.7.1.153] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3oaw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3oaw OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3oaw RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3oaw PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PK3CG_HUMAN PK3CG_HUMAN]] Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Links G-protein coupled receptor activation to PIP3 production. Involved in immune, inflammatory and allergic responses. Modulates leukocyte chemotaxis to inflammatory sites and in response to chemoattractant agents. May control leukocyte polarization and migration by regulating the spatial accumulation of PIP3 and by regulating the organization of F-actin formation and integrin-based adhesion at the leading edge. Controls motility of dendritic cells. Together with PIK3CD is involved in natural killer (NK) cell development and migration towards the sites of inflammation. Participates in T-lymphocyte migration. Regulates T-lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Together with PIK3CD participates in T-lymphocyte development. Required for B-lymphocyte development and signaling. Together with PIK3CD participates in neutrophil respiratory burst. Together with PIK3CD is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and extravasation. Together with PIK3CB promotes platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Regulates alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrins (ITGA2B/ ITGB3) adhesive function in platelets downstream of P2Y12 through a lipid kinase activity-independent mechanism. May have also a lipid kinase activity-dependent function in platelet aggregation. Involved in endothelial progenitor cell migration. Negative regulator of cardiac contractility. Modulates cardiac contractility by anchoring protein kinase A (PKA) and PDE3B activation, reducing cAMP levels. Regulates cardiac contractility also by promoting beta-adrenergic receptor internalization by binding to ADRBK1 and by non-muscle tropomyosin phosphorylation. Also has serine/threonine protein kinase activity: both lipid and protein kinase activities are required for beta-adrenergic receptor endocytosis. May also have a scaffolding role in modulating cardiac contractility. Contributes to cardiac hypertrophy under pathological stress. Through simultaneous binding of PDE3B to RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6 is assembled in a signaling complex in which the PI3K gamma complex is activated by RAPGEF3 and which is involved in angiogenesis.<ref>PMID:7624799</ref> <ref>PMID:12163475</ref> <ref>PMID:15294162</ref> <ref>PMID:16094730</ref> <ref>PMID:21393242</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/oa/3oaw_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Pteridinones were designed based on a non-selective kinase template. Because of the uniqueness of the PI3K and mTOR binding pockets, a methyl group was introduced to C-4 position of the peteridinone core to give compounds with excellent selectivity for PI3K and mTOR. This series of compounds were further optimized to improve their potency against PI3Kalpha and mTOR. Finally, orally active compounds with improved solubility and robust in vivo efficacy in tumor growth inhibition were identified as well.

4-Methylpteridinones as orally active and selective PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors.,Liu KK, Bagrodia S, Bailey S, Cheng H, Chen H, Gao L, Greasley S, Hoffman JE, Hu Q, Johnson TO, Knighton D, Liu Z, Marx MA, Nambu MD, Ninkovic S, Pascual B, Rafidi K, Rodgers CM, Smith GL, Sun S, Wang H, Yang A, Yuan J, Zou A Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Oct 15;20(20):6096-9. Epub 2010 Aug 14. PMID:20817449<ref>PMID:20817449</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>

==See Also==
*[[Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases|Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase]]
[[Category: Greasley, S E]]
[[Category: Knighton, D R]]
[[Category: Rodgers, C M.L]]
[[Category: Inhibition]]
[[Category: Inhibitor complex]]
[[Category: Phosphoinositide kinase]]
[[Category: Transferase-transferase]]
[[Category: Transferase-transferase inhibitor complex]]