View source for 2fk2

[[Image:2fk2.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2fk2" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" 
caption="2fk2, resolution 1.65&Aring;" />
'''Structure of the Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Copper Binding Domain in 'small unit cell' form, Cu(I)-bound'''<br />

==Overview==
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia. Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD pathogenesis. APP can function as a metalloprotein and modulate copper (Cu) transport, presumably via its extracellular Cu-binding domain (CuBD). Cu binding to the CuBD reduces Abeta levels, suggesting that a Cu mimetic may have therapeutic potential. We describe here the atomic structures of apo CuBD from three crystal forms and found they have identical Cu-binding sites despite the different crystal lattices. The structure of Cu(2+)-bound CuBD reveals that the metal ligands are His147, His151, Tyr168 and two water molecules, which are arranged in a square pyramidal geometry. The site resembles a Type 2 non-blue Cu center and is supported by electron paramagnetic resonance and extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies. A previous study suggested that Met170 might be a ligand but we suggest that this residue plays a critical role as an electron donor in CuBDs ability to reduce Cu ions. The structure of Cu(+)-bound CuBD is almost identical to the Cu(2+)-bound structure except for the loss of one of the water ligands. The geometry of the site is unfavorable for Cu(+), thus providing a mechanism by which CuBD could readily transfer Cu ions to other proteins.

==Disease==
Known diseases associated with this structure: Alzheimer disease-1, APP-related OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=104760 104760]], Amyloidosis, cerebroarterial, Dutch type OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=104760 104760]], Amyloidosis, cerebroarterial, Iowa type OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=104760 104760]], Blood group, P system OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=607922 607922]]

==About this Structure==
2FK2 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=CU1:'>CU1</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FK2 OCA]. 

==Reference==
Structural studies of the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein copper-binding domain reveal how it binds copper ions., Kong GK, Adams JJ, Harris HH, Boas JF, Curtain CC, Galatis D, Masters CL, Barnham KJ, McKinstry WJ, Cappai R, Parker MW, J Mol Biol. 2007 Mar 16;367(1):148-61. Epub 2006 Dec 21. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=17239395 17239395]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Kong, G K.W.]]
[[Category: Parker, M W.]]
[[Category: CU1]]
[[Category: alpha-beta two-layered sandwich]]
[[Category: cu(i) coordination]]

''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 17:22:14 2008''