View source for 2hhf

[[Image:2hhf.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2hhf" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" 
caption="2hhf, resolution 1.800&Aring;" />
'''X-ray crystal structure of oxidized human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase (hBCATm)'''<br />

==Overview==
Mammalian branched chain aminotransferases (BCATs) have a unique CXXC, center. Kinetic and structural studies of three CXXC center mutants, (C315A, C318A, and C315A/C318A) of human mitochondrial (hBCATm) isozyme, and the oxidized hBCATm enzyme (hBCATm-Ox) have been used to elucidate the, role of this center in hBCATm catalysis. X-ray crystallography revealed, that the CXXC motif, through its network of hydrogen bonds, plays a, crucial role in orienting the substrate optimally for catalysis. In all, structures, there were changes in the structure of the beta-turn preceding, the CXXC motif when compared with wild type protein. The N-terminal loop, between residues 15 and 32 is flexible in the oxidized and mutant enzymes, the disorder greater in the oxidized protein. Disordering of the, N-terminal loop disrupts the integrity of the side chain binding pocket, particularly for the branched chain side chain, less so for the, dicarboxylate substrate side chain. The kinetic studies of the mutant and, oxidized enzymes support the structural analysis. The kinetic results, showed that the predominant effect of oxidation was on the second, half-reaction rather than the first half-reaction. The oxidized enzyme was, completely inactive, whereas the mutants showed limited activity. Model, building of the second half-reaction substrate alpha-ketoisocaproate in, the pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate-hBCATm structure suggests that disruption of, the CXXC center results in altered substrate orientation and deprotonation, of the amino group of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate, which inhibits catalysis.

==Disease==
Known diseases associated with this structure: Hypervalinemia or hyperleucine-isoleucinemia (1) OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=113530 113530]]

==About this Structure==
2HHF is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=PLP:'>PLP</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=EPE:'>EPE</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branched-chain-amino-acid_transaminase Branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.6.1.42 2.6.1.42] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2HHF OCA]. 

==Reference==
Human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase isozyme: structural role of the CXXC center in catalysis., Yennawar NH, Islam MM, Conway M, Wallin R, Hutson SM, J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 22;281(51):39660-71. Epub 2006 Oct 18. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=17050531 17050531]
[[Category: Branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Protein complex]]
[[Category: Hutson, S.M.]]
[[Category: Yennawar, N.H.]]
[[Category: EPE]]
[[Category: PLP]]
[[Category: d-aminoacid aminotransferase-like plp-dependent enzymes]]

''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Fri Feb 15 17:32:10 2008''