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==High salt structure of human protein kinase CK2alpha in complex with 3-aminopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzimidazol==
<StructureSection load='5owh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5owh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5owh]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5OWH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5OWH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=B0K:3-[4,5,6,7-tetrakis(bromanyl)benzimidazol-1-yl]propan-1-amine'>B0K</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5owh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5owh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5owh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5owh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5owh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5owh ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CSK21_HUMAN CSK21_HUMAN] Catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine. Regulates numerous cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis and transcription, as well as viral infection. May act as a regulatory node which integrates and coordinates numerous signals leading to an appropriate cellular response. During mitosis, functions as a component of the p53/TP53-dependent spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) that maintains cyclin-B-CDK1 activity and G2 arrest in response to spindle damage. Also required for p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis, phosphorylating 'Ser-392' of p53/TP53 following UV irradiation. Can also negatively regulate apoptosis. Phosphorylates the caspases CASP9 and CASP2 and the apoptotic regulator NOL3. Phosphorylation protects CASP9 from cleavage and activation by CASP8, and inhibits the dimerization of CASP2 and activation of CASP8. Regulates transcription by direct phosphorylation of RNA polymerases I, II, III and IV. Also phosphorylates and regulates numerous transcription factors including NF-kappa-B, STAT1, CREB1, IRF1, IRF2, ATF1, SRF, MAX, JUN, FOS, MYC and MYB. Phosphorylates Hsp90 and its co-chaperones FKBP4 and CDC37, which is essential for chaperone function. Regulates Wnt signaling by phosphorylating CTNNB1 and the transcription factor LEF1. Acts as an ectokinase that phosphorylates several extracellular proteins. During viral infection, phosphorylates various proteins involved in the viral life cycles of EBV, HSV, HBV, HCV, HIV, CMV and HPV.<ref>PMID:11239457</ref> <ref>PMID:11704824</ref> <ref>PMID:16193064</ref> <ref>PMID:19188443</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The new aminoalkyl-substituted derivatives of known CK2 inhibitors 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole (TBBt) were synthesized, and their influence on the activity of recombinant human CK2 alpha, CK2 holoenzyme and PIM1 kinases was evaluated. All derivatives inhibited the activity of studied kinases and the most efficient were aminopropyl-derivatives 8b and 14b. These compounds also exerted inhibition of cancer cell lines - CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastoid leukemia), MCF-7 (human breast cancer), and PC-3 (prostate cancer) proliferation and their EC50 is comparable with the value for clinically studied CK2 inhibitor CX-4945. Preliminary structure activity relationship analysis indicated that the spacer length affected antitumor potency, and two to three methylene units were more favorable. The complex of CK2 alpha(1-335)/8b was crystallized, both under high-salt conditions and under low-salt conditions giving crystals which diffracted X-rays to about 2.4A resolution, what enabled the determination of the corresponding 3D-structures.

Biological properties and structural study of new aminoalkyl derivatives of benzimidazole and benzotriazole, dual inhibitors of CK2 and PIM1 kinases.,Chojnacki K, Winska P, Wielechowska M, Lukowska-Chojnacka E, Tolzer C, Niefind K, Bretner M Bioorg Chem. 2018 Jun 22;80:266-275. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.022. PMID:29966873<ref>PMID:29966873</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 5owh" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Casein kinase 3D structures|Casein kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bretner M]]
[[Category: Chojnacki C]]
[[Category: Niefind K]]