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==Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Toxin Antitoxin System HipA, HipB and its operator DNA complex (space group P21)==
<StructureSection load='4pu4' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4pu4]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.79&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4pu4]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shewanella_oneidensis Shewanella oneidensis] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shewanella_oneidensis_MR-1 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4PU4 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4PU4 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.786&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=SEP:PHOSPHOSERINE'>SEP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4pu4 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4pu4 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4pu4 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4pu4 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4pu4 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4pu4 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HIPA_SHEON HIPA_SHEON] Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system; overexpression in wild-type temporarily inhibits cell growth, overexpression in a hipAB deletion leads to acute growth inhibition. The toxic effect of HipA is neutralized by its cognate antitoxin HipB. In the ternary phosphoserine-HipA-HipB-DNA complex the DNA is bent about 125 degrees; all HipA in the crystallized ternary complex is phosphorylated. In E.coli phosphorylation of HipA is thought to release HipB from the HipA-HipB-DNA complex, suggesting the complex functions differently in the 2 bacteria (PubMed:25056321). Phosphorylates Glu-tRNA-ligase (GltX, on 'Ser-239') in vivo, with HipB probably acts as a corepressor for transcription of the hipBA promoter (By similarity).[UniProtKB:P23874]<ref>PMID:25056321</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Nearly all bacteria exhibit a type of phenotypic growth described as persistence that is thought to underlie antibiotic tolerance and recalcitrant chronic infections. The chromosomally encoded high-persistence (Hip) toxin-antitoxin proteins HipASO and HipBSO from Shewanella oneidensis, a proteobacterium with unusual respiratory capacities, constitute a type II toxin-antitoxin protein module. Here we show that phosphorylated HipASO can engage in an unexpected ternary complex with HipBSO and double-stranded operator DNA that is distinct from the prototypical counterpart complex from Escherichia coli. The structure of HipBSO in complex with operator DNA reveals a flexible C-terminus that is sequestered by HipASO in the ternary complex, indicative of its role in binding HipASO to abolish its function in persistence. The structure of HipASO in complex with a non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue shows that HipASO autophosphorylation is coupled to an unusual conformational change of its phosphorylation loop. However, HipASO is unable to phosphorylate the translation factor Elongation factor Tu, contrary to previous reports, but in agreement with more recent findings. Our studies suggest that the phosphorylation state of HipA is an important factor in persistence and that the structural and mechanistic diversity of HipAB modules as regulatory factors in bacterial persistence is broader than previously thought.

The bacterial antitoxin HipB establishes a ternary complex with operator DNA and phosphorylated toxin HipA to regulate bacterial persistence.,Wen Y, Behiels E, Felix J, Elegheert J, Vergauwen B, Devreese B, Savvides SN Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jul 23. pii: gku665. PMID:25056321<ref>PMID:25056321</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4pu4" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures|Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Shewanella oneidensis]]
[[Category: Shewanella oneidensis MR-1]]
[[Category: Behiels E]]
[[Category: Devreese B]]
[[Category: Elegheert J]]
[[Category: Felix J]]
[[Category: Savvides S]]
[[Category: Vergauwen B]]
[[Category: Wen Y]]