View source for 2xyu


==Crystal structure of EphA4 kinase domain in complex with VUF 12058==
<StructureSection load='2xyu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2xyu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.12&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2xyu]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2XYU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2XYU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.117&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=Q9G:5-(5-FLUORO-2-METHYLPHENYL)-6,7,8,9-TETRAHYDRO-3H-PYRAZOLO[3,4-C]ISOQUINOLIN-1-AMINE'>Q9G</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2xyu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2xyu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2xyu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2xyu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2xyu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2xyu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/EPHA4_MOUSE EPHA4_MOUSE] Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds membrane-bound ephrin family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Highly promiscuous, it has the unique property among Eph receptors to bind and to be physiologically activated by both GPI-anchored ephrin-A and transmembrane ephrin-B ligands including EFNA1 and EFNB3. Upon activation by ephrin ligands, modulates cell morphology and integrin-dependent cell adhesion through regulation of the Rac, Rap and Rho GTPases activity. Plays an important role in the development of the nervous system controlling different steps of axonal guidance including the establishment of the corticospinal projections. May also control the segregation of motor and sensory axons during neuromuscular circuit development. Beside its role in axonal guidance plays a role in synaptic plasticity. Activated by EFNA1 phosphorylates CDK5 at 'Tyr-15' which in turn phosphorylates NGEF regulating RHOA and dendritic spine morphogenesis. In the nervous system, plays also a role in repair after injury preventing axonal regeneration and in angiogenesis playing a role in central nervous system vascular formation. Additionally, its promiscuity makes it available to participate in a variety of cell-cell signaling regulating for instance the development of the thymic epithelium.<ref>PMID:9789074</ref> <ref>PMID:15537875</ref> <ref>PMID:16802330</ref> <ref>PMID:16818734</ref> <ref>PMID:17719550</ref> <ref>PMID:18094260</ref> <ref>PMID:17143272</ref> <ref>PMID:17785183</ref> <ref>PMID:18403711</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The in silico identification, optimization and crystallographic characterization of a 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinolin-1-amine scaffold as an inhibitor for the EPHA4 receptor tyrosine kinase is described. A database containing commercially available compounds was subjected to an in silico screening procedure which was focused on finding novel, EPHA4 hinge binding fragments. This resulted in the identification of 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinolin-1-amine derivatives as EPHA4 inhibitors. Hit exploration yielded a compound with 2 muM (IC(50)) affinity for the EPHA4 receptor tyrosine kinase domain. Soaking experiments into a crystal of the EPHA4 kinase domain gave a 2.11A X-ray structure of the EPHA4 - inhibitor complex, which confirmed the binding mode of the scaffold as proposed by the initial in silico work. The results underscore the strength of fragment based in silico screening as a tool for the discovery of novel lead compounds as small molecule kinase inhibitors.

Fragment based lead discovery of small molecule inhibitors for the EPHA4 receptor tyrosine kinase.,van Linden OP, Farenc C, Zoutman WH, Hameetman L, Wijtmans M, Leurs R, Tensen CP, Siegal G, de Esch IJ Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Nov 18. PMID:22137457<ref>PMID:22137457</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2xyu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Ephrin receptor 3D structures|Ephrin receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Celie PHN]]
[[Category: Farenc CJA]]
[[Category: Siegal G]]
[[Category: VanLinden OPJ]]