View source for 1xf0


==Crystal structure of human 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (AKR1C3) complexed with delta4-androstene-3,17-dione and NADP==
<StructureSection load='1xf0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1xf0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1xf0]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. The August 2007 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Anabolic Steroids''  by David S. Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2007_8 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2007_8]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1XF0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1XF0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ASD:4-ANDROSTENE-3-17-DIONE'>ASD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAP:NADP+NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NAP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1xf0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1xf0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1xf0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1xf0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1xf0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1xf0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AK1C3_HUMAN AK1C3_HUMAN] Catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. Catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ) and the oxidation of 9-alpha,11-beta-PGF2 to PGD2. Functions as a bi-directional 3-alpha-, 17-beta- and 20-alpha HSD. Can interconvert active androgens, estrogens and progestins with their cognate inactive metabolites. Preferentially transforms androstenedione (4-dione) to testosterone.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/xf/1xf0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1xf0 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Human type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD5;AKR1C3) plays a major role in the metabolism of androgens in peripheral tissues. In prostate basal cells, this enzyme is involved in the transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone into dihydrotestosterone, the most potent androgen. It is thus a potential target for prostate cancer therapy because it is understood that the testosterone formation by this enzyme is an important factor, particularly in patients who have undergone surgical or medical castration. Here we report the first structure of a human type 5 17beta-HSD in two ternary complexes, in which we found that the androstenedione molecule has a different binding position from that of testosterone. The two testosterone-binding orientations in the substrate-binding site demonstrate the structural basis of the alternative binding and multispecificity of the enzyme. Phe306 and Trp227 are the key residues involved in ligand recognition as well as product release. A safety belt in the cofactor-binding site enhances nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate binding and accounts for its high affinity as demonstrated by kinetic studies. These structures have provided a dynamic view of the enzyme reaction converting androstenedione to testosterone as well as valuable information for the development of potent enzyme inhibitors.

Crystal structures of the multispecific 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5: critical androgen regulation in human peripheral tissues.,Qiu W, Zhou M, Labrie F, Lin SX Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Jul;18(7):1798-807. Epub 2004 Apr 15. PMID:15087468<ref>PMID:15087468</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Prostaglandin F synthase|Prostaglandin F synthase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Anabolic Steroids]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: Labrie F]]
[[Category: Lin S-X]]
[[Category: Qiu W]]
[[Category: Zhou M]]