View source for 7ufd


==Human CYP3A4 bound to an inhibitor==
<StructureSection load='7ufd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7ufd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7ufd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7UFD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7UFD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.9&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=T0K:(2S)-3-phenyl-2-({(2S)-3-phenyl-2-[3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanamido]propyl}sulfanyl)-N-[2-(pyridin-3-yl)ethyl]propanamide'>T0K</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7ufd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7ufd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7ufd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7ufd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7ufd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7ufd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP3A4_HUMAN CP3A4_HUMAN] Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.<ref>PMID:11159812</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Controlled inhibition of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is utilized to boost bioavailability of anti-viral and immunosuppressant pharmaceuticals. We investigate structure-activity relationships (SARs) in analogues of ritonavir, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor marketed as pharmacoenhancer, to determine structural elements required for potent inhibition and whether the inhibitory potency can be further improved via a rational structure-based design. This study investigated eight (series VI) inhibitors differing in head- and end-moieties and their respective linkers. SAR analysis revealed the multifactorial regulation of inhibitory strength, with steric constraints imposed on the tethered heme-ligating moiety being a key factor. Minimization of these constraints by changing the linkers' length/flexibility and N-heteroatom position strengthened heme coordination and markedly improved binding and/or inhibitory strength. Impact of the end-pyridine attachment was not uniform due to influence of other determinants controlling the ligand-binding mode. This interplay between pharmacophoric determinants and the end-group enlargement can be used for further inhibitor optimization.

Interaction of CYP3A4 with Rationally Designed Ritonavir Analogues: Impact of Steric Constraints Imposed on the Heme-Ligating Group and the End-Pyridine Attachment.,Samuels ER, Sevrioukova IF Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 30;23(13). pii: ijms23137291. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137291. PMID:35806297<ref>PMID:35806297</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7ufd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Cytochrome P450 3D structures|Cytochrome P450 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Sevrioukova IF]]