View source for 3hs5


==X-ray crystal structure of arachidonic acid bound to the cyclooxygenase channel of cyclooxygenase-2==
<StructureSection load='3hs5' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3hs5]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3hs5]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3HS5 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3HS5 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACD:ARACHIDONIC+ACID'>ACD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=AKR:ACRYLIC+ACID'>AKR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=BOG:B-OCTYLGLUCOSIDE'>BOG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3hs5 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3hs5 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3hs5 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3hs5 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3hs5 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3hs5 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PGH2_MOUSE PGH2_MOUSE] Mediates the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonate. May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity.<ref>PMID:12925531</ref> <ref>PMID:20463020</ref> <ref>PMID:20810665</ref> <ref>PMID:21489986</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hs/3hs5_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3hs5 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) are membrane-associated heme-containing homodimers that generate prostaglandin H(2) from arachidonic acid (AA). Although AA is the preferred substrate, other fatty acids are oxygenated by these enzymes with varying efficiencies. We determined the crystal structures of AA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) bound to Co(3+)-protoporphyrin IX-reconstituted murine COX-2 to 2.1, 2.4, and 2.65 A, respectively. AA, EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid bind in different conformations in each monomer constituting the homodimer in their respective structures such that one monomer exhibits nonproductive binding and the other productive binding of the substrate in the cyclooxygenase channel. The interactions identified between protein and substrate when bound to COX-1 are conserved in our COX-2 structures, with the only notable difference being the lack of interaction of the carboxylate of AA and EPA with the side chain of Arg-120. Leu-531 exhibits a different side chain conformation when the nonproductive and productive binding modes of AA are compared. Unlike COX-1, mutating this residue to Ala, Phe, Pro, or Thr did not result in a significant loss of activity or substrate binding affinity. Determination of the L531F:AA crystal structure resulted in AA binding in the same global conformation in each monomer. We speculate that the mobility of the Leu-531 side chain increases the volume available at the opening of the cyclooxygenase channel and contributes to the observed ability of COX-2 to oxygenate a broad spectrum of fatty acid and fatty ester substrates.

Structural basis of fatty acid substrate binding to cyclooxygenase-2.,Vecchio AJ, Simmons DM, Malkowski MG J Biol Chem. 2010 Jul 16;285(29):22152-63. Epub 2010 May 12. PMID:20463020<ref>PMID:20463020</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3hs5" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Cyclooxygenase 3D structures|Cyclooxygenase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Malkowski MG]]
[[Category: Simmons DM]]
[[Category: Vecchio AJ]]