View source for 2w9t


==Staphylococcus aureus S1:DHFR==
<StructureSection load='2w9t' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2w9t]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2w9t]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Staphylococcus aureus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2W9T OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2W9T FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.35&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2w9t FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2w9t OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2w9t PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2w9t RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2w9t PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2w9t ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DYRA_STAAU DYRA_STAAU] Key enzyme in folate metabolism. Catalyzes an essential reaction for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, and for DNA precursor synthesis.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/w9/2w9t_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2w9t ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is the enzyme responsible for the NADPH-dependent reduction of 5,6-dihydrofolate to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate, an essential cofactor in the synthesis of purines, thymidylate, methionine, and other key metabolites. Because of its importance in multiple cellular functions, DHFR has been the subject of much research targeting the enzyme with anticancer, antibacterial, and antimicrobial agents. Clinically used compounds targeting DHFR include methotrexate for the treatment of cancer and diaminopyrimidines (DAPs) such as trimethoprim (TMP) for the treatment of bacterial infections. DAP inhibitors of DHFR have been used clinically for &gt;30 years and resistance to these agents has become widespread. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the causative agent of many serious nosocomial and community acquired infections, and other gram-positive organisms can show resistance to DAPs through mutation of the chromosomal gene or acquisition of an alternative DHFR termed "S1 DHFR." To develop new therapies for health threats such as MRSA, it is important to understand the molecular basis of DAP resistance. Here, we report the crystal structure of the wild-type chromosomal DHFR from S. aureus in complex with NADPH and TMP. We have also solved the structure of the exogenous, TMP resistant S1 DHFR, apo and in complex with TMP. The structural and thermodynamic data point to important molecular differences between the two enzymes that lead to dramatically reduced affinity of DAPs to S1 DHFR. These differences in enzyme binding affinity translate into reduced antibacterial activity against strains of S. aureus that express S1 DHFR. Proteins 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Structural comparison of chromosomal and exogenous dihydrofolate reductase from Staphylococcus aureus in complex with the potent inhibitor trimethoprim.,Heaslet H, Harris M, Fahnoe K, Sarver R, Putz H, Chang J, Subramanyam C, Barreiro G, Miller JR Proteins. 2009 Feb 2. PMID:19280600<ref>PMID:19280600</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Dihydrofolate reductase 3D structures|Dihydrofolate reductase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Staphylococcus aureus]]
[[Category: Miller JR]]
[[Category: Soutter HH]]