View source for 2vcm


==Isopenicillin N synthase with substrate analogue AsMCOV==
<StructureSection load='2vcm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2vcm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.65&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2vcm]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_nidulans Aspergillus nidulans]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2VCM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2VCM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.65&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FE2:FE+(II)+ION'>FE2</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=M11:N^6^-[(1R,2S)-1-({[(1R)-1-CARBOXY-2-METHYLPROPYL]OXY}CARBONYL)-2-SULFANYLPROPYL]-6-OXO-L-LYSINE'>M11</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2vcm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2vcm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2vcm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2vcm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2vcm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2vcm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IPNA_EMENI IPNA_EMENI] Isopenicillin N synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of penicillin, the world's most important antibiotic (PubMed:3319778, PubMed:11755401). IpnA catalyzes the cyclization of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) to form isopenicillin N (IPN) that contains the beta-lactam nucleus (PubMed:3319778, PubMed:11755401, PubMed:28703303). The penicillin biosynthesis occurs via 3 enzymatic steps, the first corresponding to the production of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) by the NRPS acvA. The tripeptide ACV is then cyclized to isopenicillin N (IPN) by the isopenicillin N synthase ipnA that forms the beta-lactam nucleus. Finally, the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain is exchanged for phenylacetic acid by the isopenicillin N acyltransferase penDE to yield penicillin in the peroxisomal matrix (By similarity).[UniProtKB:P08703]<ref>PMID:11755401</ref> <ref>PMID:28703303</ref> <ref>PMID:3319778</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/vc/2vcm_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2vcm ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) is a nonheme iron(II)-dependent oxidase that catalyses the central step in penicillin biosynthesis, conversion of the tripeptide delta-L-alpha-aminoadipoyl-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (ACV) to isopenicillin N (IPN). This report describes mechanistic studies using the analogue delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-(3S-methyl)-L-cysteine D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl ester (A(S)mCOV), designed to intercept the catalytic cycle at an early stage. A(S)mCOV incorporates two modifications from the natural substrate: the second and third residues are joined by an ester, so this analogue lacks the key amide of ACV and cannot form a beta-lactam; and the cysteinyl residue is substituted at its beta-carbon, bearing a (3S)-methyl group. It was anticipated that this methyl group will impinge directly on the site in which the co-substrate dioxygen binds. The novel depsipeptide A(S)mCOV was prepared in 13 steps and crystallised with IPNS anaerobically. The 1.65 A structure of the IPNS-Fe(II)-A(S)mCOV complex reveals that the additional beta-methyl group is not oriented directly into the oxygen binding site, but does increase steric demand in the active site and increases disorder in the position of the isovaleryl side chain. Crystals of IPNS-Fe(II)-A(S)mCOV were incubated with high-pressure oxygen gas, driving substrate turnover to a single product, an ene-thiol/C-hydroxylated depsipeptide. A mechanism is proposed for the reaction of A(S)mCOV with IPNS, linking this result to previous crystallographic studies with related depsipeptides and solution-phase experiments with cysteine-methylated tripeptides. This result demonstrates that a (3S)-methyl group at the substrate cysteinyl beta-carbon is not in itself a block to IPNS activity as previously proposed, and sheds further light on the steric complexities of IPNS catalysis.

Structural studies on the reaction of isopenicillin N synthase with a sterically demanding depsipeptide substrate analogue.,Ge W, Clifton IJ, Howard-Jones AR, Stok JE, Adlington RM, Baldwin JE, Rutledge PJ Chembiochem. 2009 Aug 17;10(12):2025-31. PMID:19598184<ref>PMID:19598184</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Isopenicillin N synthase|Isopenicillin N synthase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aspergillus nidulans]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Adlington RM]]
[[Category: Baldwin JE]]
[[Category: Clifton IJ]]
[[Category: Ge W]]
[[Category: Rutledge PJ]]