View source for 2af2


==Solution structure of disulfide reduced and copper depleted Human Superoxide Dismutase==
<StructureSection load='2af2' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2af2]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2af2]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2AF2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2AF2 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2af2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2af2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2af2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2af2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2af2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2af2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SODC_HUMAN SODC_HUMAN] Defects in SOD1 are the cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1 (ALS1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/105400 105400]. ALS1 is a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons and resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. Death usually occurs within 2 to 5 years. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of cases leading to familial forms.<ref>PMID:12963370</ref> <ref>PMID:19741096</ref> <ref>PMID:8528216</ref> <ref>PMID:8682505</ref> <ref>PMID:9541385</ref> <ref>PMID:12754496</ref> <ref>PMID:15056757</ref> <ref>PMID:18378676</ref> [:]<ref>PMID:8446170</ref> <ref>PMID:8351519</ref> <ref>PMID:8179602</ref> <ref>PMID:7980516</ref> <ref>PMID:8069312</ref> <ref>PMID:7951252</ref> <ref>PMID:7881433</ref> <ref>PMID:7836951</ref> <ref>PMID:7997024</ref> <ref>PMID:7870076</ref> <ref>PMID:7887412</ref> <ref>PMID:7795609</ref> <ref>PMID:7655468</ref> <ref>PMID:7655469</ref> <ref>PMID:7655471</ref> <ref>PMID:7700376</ref> <ref>PMID:7647793</ref> <ref>PMID:7501156</ref> <ref>PMID:7496169</ref> <ref>PMID:8938700</ref> <ref>PMID:8907321</ref> <ref>PMID:8990014</ref> <ref>PMID:9101297</ref> <ref>PMID:9455977</ref> <ref>PMID:10732812</ref> <ref>PMID:9131652</ref> <ref>PMID:10400992</ref> <ref>PMID:10430435</ref> <ref>PMID:11535232</ref> <ref>PMID:11369193</ref> <ref>PMID:12402272</ref> <ref>PMID:12145308</ref> <ref>PMID:14506936</ref> <ref>PMID:18552350</ref> <ref>PMID:18301754</ref> <ref>PMID:21247266</ref> <ref>PMID:21220647</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SODC_HUMAN SODC_HUMAN] Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/af/2af2_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2af2 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
SOD1 has to undergo several post-translational modifications before reaching its mature form. The protein requires insertion of zinc and copper atoms, followed by the formation of a conserved S-S bond between Cys-57 and Cys-146 (human numbering), which makes the protein fully active. In this report an NMR structural investigation of the reduced SH-SH form of thermostable E,Zn-as-SOD1 (E is empty; as is C6A, C111S) is reported, characterizing the protein just before the last step leading to the mature form. The structure is compared with that of the oxidized S-S form as well as with that of the yeast SOD1 complexed with its copper chaperone, CCS. Local conformational rearrangements upon disulfide bridge reduction are localized in the region near Cys-57 that is completely exposed to the solvent in the present structure, at variance with the oxidized forms. There is a local disorder around Cys-57 that may serve for protein-protein recognition and may possibly be involved in intermolecular S-S bonds in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-related SOD1 mutants. The structure allows us to further discuss the copper loading mechanism in SOD1.

Human SOD1 before harboring the catalytic metal: solution structure of copper-depleted, disulfide-reduced form.,Banci L, Bertini I, Cantini F, D'Amelio N, Gaggelli E J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 27;281(4):2333-7. Epub 2005 Nov 14. PMID:16291742<ref>PMID:16291742</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2af2" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Superoxide dismutase 3D structures|Superoxide dismutase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Banci L]]
[[Category: Bertini I]]
[[Category: Cantini F]]
[[Category: D'Amelio N]]
[[Category: Gaggelli E]]