Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase

Function

Pyridoxine 5’-phosphate oxidase or Pyridoxamine 5’-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) catalyzes the oxidation of pyridoxamine-phosphate by molecular oxygen producing pyridoxal 5’-phosphate, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), commonly known as vitamin B6, is a biological essential cofactor. PNPO catalyzes the last step in vitamin B6 metabolism. PNPO uses FMN as cofactor^[1].

Disease

PNPO mutations are present in epilepsy patients^[2].

Structural highlights

The active site of PNPO shows the product of PNPO catalysis - ^[3]. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.

Pyridoxine 5-phosphate oxidase dimer complex with pyridoxine 5-phosphate, 2aq6

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3D structures of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase3D structures of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase

Updated on 08-February-2022

1nrg - hPNPO + PLP – human
3hy8 - hPNPO (mutant) + PLP
6h00 – hPPO (mutant) + FMN
2aq6 - MtPNPO + PLP – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
1y30 - MtPNPO + FMN
1xxo - MtPNPO
1dnl, 1g76, 1wv4 – EcPNPO – Escherichia coli
1g76, 1g77, 1g78, 1g79, 1jnw – EcPPO + PLP
6ylz – EcPNPO (mutant) + FMN + Pi
6ymh – EcPNPO (mutant) + FMN + PLP
4hmw – BlPNPO + FMN – Burkholderia lata
4hmx – BlPNPO + FMN + phenazine carboxylic acid
4hms – PfPNPO + FMN – Pseudomonas fluorescense
4hmt, 4hmu, 4hmv – PfPNPO + FMN + phenazine carboxylic acid

ReferencesReferences

↑ di Salvo ML, Safo MK, Musayev FN, Bossa F, Schirch V. Structure and mechanism of Escherichia coli pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Apr 11;1647(1-2):76-82. PMID:12686112
↑ Mills PB, Camuzeaux SS, Footitt EJ, Mills KA, Gissen P, Fisher L, Das KB, Varadkar SM, Zuberi S, McWilliam R, Stodberg T, Plecko B, Baumgartner MR, Maier O, Calvert S, Riney K, Wolf NI, Livingston JH, Bala P, Morel CF, Feillet F, Raimondi F, Del Giudice E, Chong WK, Pitt M, Clayton PT. Epilepsy due to PNPO mutations: genotype, environment and treatment affect presentation and outcome. Brain. 2014 May;137(Pt 5):1350-60. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu051. Epub 2014 Mar 18. PMID:24645144 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awu051
↑ Biswal BK, Cherney MM, Wang M, Garen C, James MN. Structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosispyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase and its complexes with flavin mononucleotide and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2005 Nov;61(Pt 11):1492-9. Epub 2005, Oct 19. PMID:16239726 doi:10.1107/S0907444905026673

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

[1] Salvo ML, Safo MK, Musayev FN, Bossa F, Schirch V. Structure and mechanism of Escherichia coli pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Apr 11;1647(1-2):76-82. PMID:12686112

[2] Mills PB, Camuzeaux SS, Footitt EJ, Mills KA, Gissen P, Fisher L, Das KB, Varadkar SM, Zuberi S, McWilliam R, Stodberg T, Plecko B, Baumgartner MR, Maier O, Calvert S, Riney K, Wolf NI, Livingston JH, Bala P, Morel CF, Feillet F, Raimondi F, Del Giudice E, Chong WK, Pitt M, Clayton PT. Epilepsy due to PNPO mutations: genotype, environment and treatment affect presentation and outcome. Brain. 2014 May;137(Pt 5):1350-60. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu051. Epub 2014 Mar 18. PMID:24645144 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awu051

[3] Biswal BK, Cherney MM, Wang M, Garen C, James MN. Structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosispyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase and its complexes with flavin mononucleotide and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2005 Nov;61(Pt 11):1492-9. Epub 2005, Oct 19. PMID:16239726 doi:10.1107/S0907444905026673

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