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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Variant RBD complexed with mouse ACE2SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Variant RBD complexed with mouse ACE2
Structural highlights
FunctionACE2_MOUSE Essential counter-regulatory carboxypeptidase of the renin-angiotensin hormone system that is a critical regulator of blood volume, systemic vascular resistance, and thus cardiovascular homeostasis. Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a nine-amino acid peptide with anti-hypertrophic effects in cardiomyocytes, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, which then acts as a beneficial vasodilator and anti-proliferation agent, counterbalancing the actions of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Also removes the C-terminal residue from three other vasoactive peptides, neurotensin, kinetensin, and des-Arg bradykinin, but is not active on bradykinin. Also cleaves other biological peptides, such as apelins, casomorphins and dynorphin A (By similarity). By cleavage of angiotensin II, may be an important regulator of heart function (PubMed:12075344, PubMed:12967627). By cleavage of angiotensin II, may also have a protective role in acute lung injury (PubMed:16001071). Plays an important role in amino acid transport by acting as binding partner of amino acid transporter SLC6A19, regulating its trafficking on the cell surface and its activity (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:22677001).[UniProtKB:Q9BYF1][1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe Omicron BA.2 variant has become a dominant infective strain worldwide. Receptor binding studies show that the Omicron BA.2 spike trimer exhibits 11-fold and 2-fold higher potency in binding to human ACE2 than the spike trimer from the wildtype (WT) and Omicron BA.1 strains. The structure of the BA.2 spike trimer complexed with human ACE2 reveals that all three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) in the spike trimer are in open conformation, ready for ACE2 binding, thus providing a basis for the increased infectivity of the BA.2 strain. JMB2002, a therapeutic antibody that was shown to efficiently inhibit Omicron BA.1, also shows potent neutralization activities against Omicron BA.2. In addition, both BA.1 and BA.2 spike trimers are able to bind to mouse ACE2 with high potency. In contrast, the WT spike trimer binds well to cat ACE2 but not to mouse ACE2. The structures of both BA.1 and BA.2 spike trimer bound to mouse ACE2 reveal the basis for their high affinity interactions. Together, these results suggest a possible evolution pathway for Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants via a human-cat-mouse-human circle, which could have important implications in establishing an effective strategy for combating SARS-CoV-2 viral infections. Structural and biochemical mechanism for increased infectivity and immune evasion of Omicron BA.2 variant compared to BA.1 and their possible mouse origins.,Xu Y, Wu C, Cao X, Gu C, Liu H, Jiang M, Wang X, Yuan Q, Wu K, Liu J, Wang D, He X, Wang X, Deng SJ, Xu HE, Yin W Cell Res. 2022 Jul;32(7):609-620. doi: 10.1038/s41422-022-00672-4. Epub 2022 May , 31. PMID:35641567[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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