4zs2

Structural complex of FTO/fluoresceinStructural complex of FTO/fluorescein

Structural highlights

4zs2 is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:	X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.16Å
Ligands:	, ,
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

FTO_HUMAN Defects in FTO are the cause of growth retardation developmental delay coarse facies and early death (GDFD) [MIM:612938. A severe polymalformation syndrome characterized by postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, severe psychomotor delay, functional brain deficits and characteristic facial dysmorphism. In some patients, structural brain malformations, cardiac defects, genital anomalies, and cleft palate are observed. Early death occurs by the age of 3 years.^[1]

Function

FTO_HUMAN Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulation of the global metabolic rate, energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Contributes to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation.^[2] ^[3]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The FTO protein is unequivocally reported to play a critical role in human obesity and in the regulation of cellular levels of m(6)A modification, which makes FTO a significant and worthy subject of study. Here, we identified that fluorescein derivatives can selectively inhibit FTO demethylation, and the mechanisms behind these activities were elucidated after we determined the X-ray crystal structures of FTO/fluorescein and FTO/5-aminofluorescein. Furthermore, these inhibitors can also be applied to the direct labeling and enrichment of FTO protein combined with photoaffinity labeling assay.

Fluorescein Derivatives as Bifunctional Molecules for the Simultaneous Inhibiting and Labeling of FTO Protein.,Wang T, Hong T, Huang Y, Su H, Wu F, Chen Y, Wei L, Huang W, Hua X, Xia Y, Xu J, Gan J, Yuan B, Feng Y, Zhang X, Yang CG, Zhou X J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Nov 4;137(43):13736-9. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b06690. Epub 2015, Oct 20. PMID:26457839^[4]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Boissel S, Reish O, Proulx K, Kawagoe-Takaki H, Sedgwick B, Yeo GS, Meyre D, Golzio C, Molinari F, Kadhom N, Etchevers HC, Saudek V, Farooqi IS, Froguel P, Lindahl T, O'Rahilly S, Munnich A, Colleaux L. Loss-of-function mutation in the dioxygenase-encoding FTO gene causes severe growth retardation and multiple malformations. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jul;85(1):106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.06.002. Epub 2009, Jun 25. PMID:19559399 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.06.002
↑ Jia G, Yang CG, Yang S, Jian X, Yi C, Zhou Z, He C. Oxidative demethylation of 3-methylthymine and 3-methyluracil in single-stranded DNA and RNA by mouse and human FTO. FEBS Lett. 2008 Oct 15;582(23-24):3313-9. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.08.019., Epub 2008 Sep 5. PMID:18775698 doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.08.019
↑ Han Z, Niu T, Chang J, Lei X, Zhao M, Wang Q, Cheng W, Wang J, Feng Y, Chai J. Crystal structure of the FTO protein reveals basis for its substrate specificity. Nature. 2010 Apr 22;464(7292):1205-9. Epub 2010 Apr 7. PMID:20376003 doi:10.1038/nature08921
↑ Wang T, Hong T, Huang Y, Su H, Wu F, Chen Y, Wei L, Huang W, Hua X, Xia Y, Xu J, Gan J, Yuan B, Feng Y, Zhang X, Yang CG, Zhou X. Fluorescein Derivatives as Bifunctional Molecules for the Simultaneous Inhibiting and Labeling of FTO Protein. J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Nov 4;137(43):13736-9. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b06690. Epub 2015, Oct 20. PMID:26457839 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b06690

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

[1] Boissel S, Reish O, Proulx K, Kawagoe-Takaki H, Sedgwick B, Yeo GS, Meyre D, Golzio C, Molinari F, Kadhom N, Etchevers HC, Saudek V, Farooqi IS, Froguel P, Lindahl T, O'Rahilly S, Munnich A, Colleaux L. Loss-of-function mutation in the dioxygenase-encoding FTO gene causes severe growth retardation and multiple malformations. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jul;85(1):106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.06.002. Epub 2009, Jun 25. PMID:19559399 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.06.002

[2] Jia G, Yang CG, Yang S, Jian X, Yi C, Zhou Z, He C. Oxidative demethylation of 3-methylthymine and 3-methyluracil in single-stranded DNA and RNA by mouse and human FTO. FEBS Lett. 2008 Oct 15;582(23-24):3313-9. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.08.019., Epub 2008 Sep 5. PMID:18775698 doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.08.019

[3] Han Z, Niu T, Chang J, Lei X, Zhao M, Wang Q, Cheng W, Wang J, Feng Y, Chai J. Crystal structure of the FTO protein reveals basis for its substrate specificity. Nature. 2010 Apr 22;464(7292):1205-9. Epub 2010 Apr 7. PMID:20376003 doi:10.1038/nature08921

[4] Wang T, Hong T, Huang Y, Su H, Wu F, Chen Y, Wei L, Huang W, Hua X, Xia Y, Xu J, Gan J, Yuan B, Feng Y, Zhang X, Yang CG, Zhou X. Fluorescein Derivatives as Bifunctional Molecules for the Simultaneous Inhibiting and Labeling of FTO Protein. J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Nov 4;137(43):13736-9. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b06690. Epub 2015, Oct 20. PMID:26457839 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b06690

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