4hvh
JAK3 kinase domain in complex with 2-Cyclopropyl-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazine-7-carboxylic acid ((R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-propylJAK3 kinase domain in complex with 2-Cyclopropyl-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazine-7-carboxylic acid ((R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-propyl
Structural highlights
DiseaseJAK3_HUMAN Defects in JAK3 are a cause of severe combined immunodeficiency autosomal recessive T-cell-negative/B-cell-positive/NK-cell-negative (T(-)B(+)NK(-) SCID) [MIM:600802. A form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. Patients present in infancy recurrent, persistent infections by opportunistic organisms. The common characteristic of all types of SCID is absence of T-cell-mediated cellular immunity due to a defect in T-cell development.[1] [2] [3] [:][4] [5] [6] [7] [8] FunctionJAK3_HUMAN Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, or differentiation. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity and plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis during T-cells development. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors sharing the common subunit gamma such as IL2R, IL4R, IL7R, IL9R, IL15R and IL21R. Following ligand binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails of the receptor, creating docking sites for STATs proteins. Subsequently, phosphorylates the STATs proteins once they are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylated STATs then form homodimer or heterodimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. For example, upon IL2R activation by IL2, JAK1 and JAK3 molecules bind to IL2R beta (IL2RB) and gamma chain (IL2RG) subunits inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of both receptor subunits on their cytoplasmic domain. Then, STAT5A AND STAT5B are recruited, phosphorylated and activated by JAK1 and JAK3. Once activated, dimerized STAT5 translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of specific target genes in a cytokine-specific fashion.[9] [10] [11] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe Janus kinases (JAKs) are involved in multiple signaling networks relevant to inflammatory diseases, and inhibition of one or more members of this class may modulate disease activity or progression. We optimized a new inhibitor scaffold, 3-amido-5-cyclopropylpyrrolopyrazines, to a potent example with reasonable kinome selectivity, including selectivity for JAK3 versus JAK1, and good biopharmaceutical properties. Evaluation of this analogue in cellular and in vivo models confirmed functional selectivity for modulation of a JAK3/JAK1-dependent IL-2 stimulated pathway over a JAK1/JAK2/Tyk2-dependent IL-6 stimulated pathway. 3-Amido Pyrrolopyrazine JAK Kinase Inhibitors: Development of a JAK3 vs JAK1 Selective Inhibitor and Evaluation in Cellular and in Vivo Models.,Soth M, Hermann JC, Yee C, Alam M, Barnett JW, Berry P, Browner MF, Frank K, Frauchiger S, Harris S, He Y, Hekmat-Nejad M, Hendricks T, Henningsen R, Hilgenkamp R, Ho H, Hoffman A, Hsu PY, Hu DQ, Itano A, Jaime-Figueroa S, Jahangir A, Jin S, Kuglstatter A, Kutach AK, Liao C, Lynch S, Menke J, Niu L, Patel V, Railkar A, Roy D, Shao A, Shaw D, Steiner S, Sun Y, Tan SL, Wang S, Vu MD J Med Chem. 2013 Jan 10;56(1):345-56. doi: 10.1021/jm301646k. Epub 2012 Dec 19. PMID:23214979[12] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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