4c8r
Human gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase (BBOX1) in complex with Ni(II) and N-(3-hydroxypicolinoyl)-S-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-L-cysteine (AR692B)Human gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase (BBOX1) in complex with Ni(II) and N-(3-hydroxypicolinoyl)-S-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-L-cysteine (AR692B)
Structural highlights
FunctionBODG_HUMAN Catalyzes the formation of L-carnitine from gamma-butyrobetaine. Publication Abstract from PubMedCarnitine is essential for fatty acid metabolism, but is associated with both health benefits and risks, especially heart diseases. We report the identification of potent, selective and cell active inhibitors of gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX), which catalyses the final step of carnitine biosynthesis in animals. A crystal structure of BBOX in complex with a lead inhibitor reveals that it binds in two modes, one of which adopts an unusual 'U-shape' conformation stabilised by inter- and intra-molecular pi-stacking interactions. Conformational changes observed on binding of the inhibitor to BBOX likely reflect those occurring in catalysis; they also rationalise the inhibition of BBOX by high levels of its substrate gamma-butyrobetaine (GBB), as observed both with isolated BBOX protein and in cellular studies. Modulating carnitine levels by targeting its biosynthesis pathway - selective inhibition of gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase.,Rydzik AM, Chowdhury R, Kochan GT, Williams ST, McDonough MA, Kawamura A, Schofield CJ Chem Sci. 2014 May 1;5(5):1765-1771. doi: 10.1039/C4SC00020J. PMID:26682037[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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